Alvarez-Breckenridge C, Miller JJ, Nayyar N, Gill CM, Kaneb A, D'Andrea M et al (2017) Clinical and radiographic response following targeting of BCAN-NTRK1 fusion in glioneuronal tumor. NPJ Precis Oncol 1(1):5
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Amatu A, Sartore-Bianchi A, Bencardino K, Pizzutilo EG, Tosi F, Siena S (2019) Tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) biology and the role of NTRK gene fusions in cancer. Ann Oncol 30 Suppl 8:viii5–viii15
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Amatu A, Sartore-Bianchi A, Siena S (2016) NTRK gene fusions as novel targets of cancer therapy across multiple tumour types. ESMO Open 1(2):e000023
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ardini E, Menichincheri M, Banfi P, Bosotti R, De Ponti C, Pulci R et al (2016) Entrectinib, a pan-TRK, ROS1, and ALK inhibitor with activity in multiple molecularly defined cancer indications. Mol Cancer Ther 15(4):628–639
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Arevalo JC, Conde B, Hempstead BL, Chao MV, Martin-Zanca D, Perez P (2000) TrkA immunoglobulin-like ligand binding domains inhibit spontaneous activation of the receptor. Mol Cell Biol 20(16):5908–5916
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Blessing MM, Blackburn PR, Krishnan C, Harrod VL, Barr Fritcher EG, Zysk CD et al (2019) Desmoplastic infantile Ganglioglioma: a MAPK pathway-driven and microglia/macrophage-rich Neuroepithelial tumor. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 78(11):1011–1021
PubMed
Google Scholar
Capper D, Jones DTW, Sill M, Hovestadt V, Schrimpf D, Sturm D et al (2018) DNA methylation-based classification of central nervous system tumours. Nature 555(7697):469–474
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Capper D, Stichel D, Sahm F, Jones DTW, Schrimpf D, Sill M et al (2018) Practical implementation of DNA methylation and copy-number-based CNS tumor diagnostics: the Heidelberg experience. Acta Neuropathol 136(2):181–210
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Clarke M, Mackay A, Ismer B, Pickles JC, Tatevossian RG, Newman S et al (2020) Infant high grade gliomas comprise multiple subgroups characterized by novel targetable gene fusions and favorable outcomes. Cancer Discov; 2020. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-19-1030. Online ahead of print
Cocco E, Scaltriti M, Drilon A (2018) NTRK fusion-positive cancers and TRK inhibitor therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 15(12):731–747
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cook PJ, Thomas R, Kannan R, de Leon ES, Drilon A, Rosenblum MK et al (2017) Somatic chromosomal engineering identifies BCAN-NTRK1 as a potent glioma driver and therapeutic target. Nat Commun 8:15987
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Deng MY, Sill M, Chiang J, Schittenhelm J, Ebinger M, Schuhmann MU et al (2018) Molecularly defined diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DLGNT) comprises two subgroups with distinct clinical and genetic features. Acta Neuropathol 136(2):239–253
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Doebele RC, Drilon A, Paz-Ares L, Siena S, Shaw AT, Farago AF et al (2020) Entrectinib in patients with advanced or metastatic NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours: integrated analysis of three phase 1-2 trials. Lancet Oncol 21(2):271–282
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Drilon A (2019) TRK inhibitors in TRK fusion-positive cancers. Ann Oncol 30 Suppl 8:viii23–viii30
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Drilon A, Laetsch TW, Kummar S, DuBois SG, Lassen UN, Demetri GD et al (2018) Efficacy of Larotrectinib in TRK fusion-positive cancers in adults and children. N Engl J Med 378(8):731–739
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Drilon A, Siena S, Ou SI, Patel M, Ahn MJ, Lee J et al (2017) Safety and antitumor activity of the multitargeted pan-TRK, ROS1, and ALK inhibitor Entrectinib: combined results from two phase I trials (ALKA-372-001 and STARTRK-1). Cancer Discov 7(4):400–409
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Farago AF, Le LP, Zheng Z, Muzikansky A, Drilon A, Patel M et al (2015) Durable clinical response to Entrectinib in NTRK1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol 10(12):1670–1674
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ferguson SD, Zhou S, Huse JT, de Groot JF, Xiu J, Subramaniam DS et al (2018) Targetable gene fusions associate with the IDH wild-type astrocytic lineage in adult gliomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 77(6):437–442
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Frattini V, Trifonov V, Chan JM, Castano A, Lia M, Abate F et al (2013) The integrated landscape of driver genomic alterations in glioblastoma. Nat Genet 45(10):1141–1149
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Garcia EP, Minkovsky A, Jia Y, Ducar MD, Shivdasani P, Gong X et al (2017) Validation of OncoPanel: a targeted next-generation sequencing assay for the detection of somatic variants in cancer. Arch Pathol Lab Med 141(6):751–758
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gatalica Z, Xiu J, Swensen J, Vranic S (2019) Molecular characterization of cancers with NTRK gene fusions. Mod Pathol 32(1):147–153
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guerreiro Stucklin AS, Ryall S, Fukuoka K, Zapotocky M, Lassaletta A, Li C et al (2019) Alterations in ALK/ROS1/NTRK/MET drive a group of infantile hemispheric gliomas. Nat Commun 10(1):4343
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hong DS, Bauer TM, Lee JJ, Dowlati A, Brose MS, Farago AF et al (2019) Larotrectinib in adult patients with solid tumours: a multi-Centre, open-label, phase I dose-escalation study. Ann Oncol 30(2):325–331
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Hsiao SJ, Zehir A, Sireci AN, Aisner DL (2019) Detection of tumor NTRK gene fusions to identify patients who may benefit from tyrosine kinase (TRK) inhibitor therapy. J Mol Diagn 21(4):553–571
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jones DT, Hutter B, Jager N, Korshunov A, Kool M, Warnatz HJ et al (2013) Recurrent somatic alterations of FGFR1 and NTRK2 in pilocytic astrocytoma. Nat Genet 45(8):927–932
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jones KA, Bossler AD, Bellizzi AM, Snow AN (2019) BCR-NTRK2 fusion in a low-grade glioma with distinctive morphology and unexpected aggressive behavior. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2019;5(2):a003855. https://doi.org/10.1101/mcs.a003855. Print 2019 Apr
Khotskaya YB, Holla VR, Farago AF, Mills Shaw KR, Meric-Bernstam F, Hong DS (2017) Targeting TRK family proteins in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 173:58–66
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kim J, Lee Y, Cho HJ, Lee YE, An J, Cho GH et al (2014) NTRK1 fusion in glioblastoma multiforme. PLoS One 9(3):e91940
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kurozumi K, Nakano Y, Ishida J, Tanaka T, Doi M, Hirato J et al (2019) High-grade glioneuronal tumor with an ARHGEF2-NTRK1 fusion gene. Brain Tumor Pathol 36(3):121–128
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Laetsch TW, DuBois SG, Mascarenhas L, Turpin B, Federman N, Albert CM et al (2018) Larotrectinib for paediatric solid tumours harbouring NTRK gene fusions: phase 1 results from a multicentre, open-label, phase 1/2 study. Lancet Oncol 19(5):705–714
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lopez GY, Perry A, Harding B, Li M, Santi M (2019) CDKN2A/B loss is associated with anaplastic transformation in a case of NTRK2 fusion-positive Pilocytic astrocytoma. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 45(2):174–178
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Luberg K, Wong J, Weickert CS, Timmusk T (2010) Human TrkB gene: novel alternative transcripts, protein isoforms and expression pattern in the prefrontal cerebral cortex during postnatal development. J Neurochem 113(4):952–964
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ni J, Xie S, Ramkissoon SH, Luu V, Sun Y, Bandopadhayay P et al (2017) Tyrosine receptor kinase B is a drug target in astrocytomas. Neuro-Oncology 19(1):22–30
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Okamura R, Boichard A, Kato S, Sicklick JK, Bazhenova L, Kurzrock R (2018) Analysis of NTRK alterations in pan-cancer adult and pediatric malignancies: implications for NTRK-targeted therapeutics. JCO Precis Oncol; 2018;2018:10.1200/PO.18.00183. https://doi.org/10.1200/PO.18.00183. Epub 2018 Nov 15.
Pattwell SS, Konnick EQ, Liu YJ, Yoda RA, Sekhar LN, Cimino PJ (2020) Neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (NTRK2) alterations in low-grade gliomas: report of a novel gene fusion partner in a Pilocytic astrocytoma and review of the literature. Case Rep Pathol 2020:5903863
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Prabhakaran N, Guzman MA, Navalkele P, Chow-Maneval E, Batanian JR (2018) Novel TLE4-NTRK2 fusion in a ganglioglioma identified by array-CGH and confirmed by NGS: potential for a gene targeted therapy. Neuropathology. Neuropathology. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/neup.12458. Online ahead of print.
Qaddoumi I, Orisme W, Wen J, Santiago T, Gupta K, Dalton JD et al (2016) Genetic alterations in uncommon low-grade neuroepithelial tumors: BRAF, FGFR1, and MYB mutations occur at high frequency and align with morphology. Acta Neuropathol 131(6):833–845
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rosen EY, Goldman DA, Hechtman JF, Benayed R, Schram AM, Cocco E et al (2020) TRK fusions are enriched in cancers with uncommon Histologies and the absence of canonical driver mutations. Clin Cancer Res 26(7):1624–1632
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schram AM, Jonsson P, Drilon A, Bale TA, Hechtman JF, Benayed R et al (2018) Genomic heterogeneity underlies mixed response to tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibition in recurrent glioma. JCO Precis Oncol. 2018;2:10.1200/PO.18.00089. https://doi.org/10.1200/PO.18.00089. Epub 2018 Aug 8
Serrano J, Snuderl M (2018) Whole genome DNA methylation analysis of human glioblastoma using Illumina BeadArrays. Methods Mol Biol 1741:31–51
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shah N, Lankerovich M, Lee H, Yoon JG, Schroeder B, Foltz G (2013) Exploration of the gene fusion landscape of glioblastoma using transcriptome sequencing and copy number data. BMC Genomics 14:818
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Solomon JP, Hechtman JF (2019) Detection of NTRK fusions: merits and limitations of current diagnostic platforms. Cancer Res 79(13):3163–3168
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Solomon JP, Linkov I, Rosado A, Mullaney K, Rosen EY, Frosina D et al (2020) NTRK fusion detection across multiple assays and 33,997 cases: diagnostic implications and pitfalls. Mod Pathol 33(1):38–46
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Stransky N, Cerami E, Schalm S, Kim JL, Lengauer C (2014) The landscape of kinase fusions in cancer. Nat Commun 5:4846
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sturm D, Orr BA, Toprak UH, Hovestadt V, Jones DTW, Capper D et al (2016) New brain tumor entities emerge from molecular classification of CNS-PNETs. Cell 164(5):1060–1072
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Torre M, Alexandrescu S, Dubuc AM, Ligon AH, Hornick JL, Meredith DM (2020) Characterization of molecular signatures of supratentorial ependymomas. Mod Pathol 33(1):47–56
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Torre M, Jessop N, Hornick JL, Alexandrescu S (2018) Expanding the spectrum of pediatric NTRK-rearranged fibroblastic tumors to the central nervous system: a case report with RBPMS-NTRK3 fusion. Neuropathology 38(6):624–630
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vaishnavi A, Le AT, Doebele RC (2015) TRKing down an old oncogene in a new era of targeted therapy. Cancer Discov 5(1):25–34
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Viaene AN, Santi M, Rosenbaum J, Li MM, Surrey LF, Nasrallah MP (2018) SETD2 mutations in primary central nervous system tumors. Acta Neuropathol Commun 6(1):123
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Walter AW, Kandula VVR, Shah N (2020) Larotrectinib imaging response in low-grade glioma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 67(1):e28002
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wang H, Diaz AK, Shaw TI, Li Y, Niu M, Cho JH et al (2019) Deep multiomics profiling of brain tumors identifies signaling networks downstream of cancer driver genes. Nat Commun 10(1):3718
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wu G, Diaz AK, Paugh BS, Rankin SL, Ju B, Li Y et al (2014) The genomic landscape of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma and pediatric non-brainstem high-grade glioma. Nat Genet 46(5):444–450
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Yoshihara K, Wang Q, Torres-Garcia W, Zheng S, Vegesna R, Kim H et al (2015) The landscape and therapeutic relevance of cancer-associated transcript fusions. Oncogene 34(37):4845–4854
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yu G, Wang LG, Han Y, He QY (2012) clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters. OMICS 16(5):284–287
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zhang J, Wu G, Miller CP, Tatevossian RG, Dalton JD, Tang B et al (2013) Whole-genome sequencing identifies genetic alterations in pediatric low-grade gliomas. Nat Genet 45(6):602–612
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Zheng Z, Liebers M, Zhelyazkova B, Cao Y, Panditi D, Lynch KD et al (2014) Anchored multiplex PCR for targeted next-generation sequencing. Nat Med 20(12):1479–1484
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ziegler DS, Wong M, Mayoh C, Kumar A, Tsoli M, Mould E et al (2018) Brief report: potent clinical and radiological response to larotrectinib in TRK fusion-driven high-grade glioma. Br J Cancer 119(6):693–696
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar