Fig. 1

Lipid-specific IgM provides protection against neurotropic viruses in an IFNAR1-dependent manner. a-d, i-k Rat cultures pre-treated 24 h with A4CD or O4 and infected with BUNV (MOI = 1). a, b BUNV-infected mature neurons and neuronal progenitor. c, d A4CD and O4-treated cultures infected with BUNV. i BUNV tropism. j, k Immunocytochemical and RT-qPCR analysis. Data presented as mean ± SEM and analysed by paired two-tailed t-test. j n = 4 k n = 3. e, f, l, m WT and Ifnar1^−/− mouse cultures treated and infected as above. e, f BUNV-infected WT and Ifnar1^−/− cultures pre-treated with O4. l, m Immunocytochemical and plaque assay analysis. Data presented as mean ± SEM, analysed by two-way ANOVA and significant difference determined by Sidak’s post-hoc test. l WT n = 2, Ifnar1^−/− n = 3 m n = 2 for all conditions. g, h, n WT and Ifnar1^−/− mouse cultures treated as above and infected with SFV. g, h SFV-infected mature oligodendrocytes and oligodendrocyte progenitors. n Immunocytochemical analysis. Data presented as mean ± SEM, analysed by two-way ANOVA and significant difference determined by Sidak’s post-hoc test. n = 4 for all conditions. Significant differences denoted as *p < 0.05 and ****p < 0.0001