Fig. 1

Microgliosis in corpus callosum of Cx3cr1^Cre:Usp18^fl/fl mice. a, b Histology of corpus callosum in the cerebrum of adult Usp18^fl/fl and Cx3cr1^Cre:Usp18^fl/fl mice at 4 (a) and 8 months of age (b). Primary antibodies against Iba1 and ISG15 were used. To quantify the number of Iba1⁺ or ISG15⁺ cells at least six mice per genotype and 5 sections per mouse from two independent experiments were counted. Quantification of cells is shown next to the respective histological images. Significant differences were determined by an unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test and marked with asterisks (***P < 0.001 versus control littermates). Bars represent means ± S.E.M. Scale bars = 25 μm, 50 μm, 100 μm. c Immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated STAT1 (pSTAT1, red), CD11b (green) and DAPI (blue) in the corpus callosum of 8- month old Usp18^fl/fl and Cx3cr1^Cre:Usp18^fl/fl mice. Scale bar: 20 μm. Quantification of pSTAT1⁺CD11b⁺ cells is shown next to the respective histological images. Each symbol represents one mouse. Error bars represent S.E.M. Significant differences are determined by an unpaired t-test and marked with asterisks (***P < 0.001)