Fig. 4

HSPB8 expression in white matter MS lesions. Representative images of white matter tissues from non-neurological controls (a) and MS cases (b–h) double labelled for HLA-DR (pink) and HSPB8 (brown). NAWM (b), NAWM surrounding a preactive lesion (c), preactive lesion (d), active lesion (e), chronic active lesion (f- rim, g - centre) and inactive lesions (h) from MS cases. Quantification of HSPB8+ cells in lesion areas (i). GFAP+ astrocytes co-localise with HSPB8 (j–l), while Olig2+ oligodendrocytes (m) or HLA-DR+ microglia (n) do not express HSPB8. Percentages of cells in each area (I). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Mann-Whitney U tests were performed for comparisons between control white matter and NAWM and between NAWM and the different lesion types. **p < 0.01. Scale bar (a–h) = 50 μm, (j–n) = 10 μm. CON = control, NAWM = normal appearing white matter, PAL = preactive lesions, A = active lesion, CA = chronic active lesion, IA = inactive lesions