Fig. 3

Number of detectable activated microglia are highly increased in cases with a disease background across all brain regions. a CD68 pos. microglia appeared in a round, amoeboid shaped morphology with single fading branches. Phagocytic active microglia start to cluster around focal events in the tissue in all disease cases. b–e Quantification revealed an increase of CD68 positive cells in disease cases compared to Controls. Major differences between disease cases were seen in HPC and SN. MIX and AD cases displayed the highest numbers in quantification (b, e). HPC data points contain hippocampal subregions (CA4-1, subiculum, entorhinal cortex, see Supp. Figure 4), OCC contains data points from subregions (striate cortex and peristriate cortex). Red – female, blue – male. No sex differences could be shown across the examined brain regions. One-way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used for statistical analysis. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Scale bar = 60 μm