Fig. 7

a Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Nf1^flox/flox; hGFAP-Cre mice at 6 weeks of age results in increased b optic nerve volume (n = 6) and c proliferation (%Ki67⁺ cells; n = 7) relative to sham treated mice when analyzed at 12 weeks of age, as well as increased TAMs (%Iba1⁺ cells) and CD3⁺ T cell content. Increased d Ccl5 RNA expression (qPCR) and e glutamate levels are observed in the optic nerves of Nf1^flox/flox; hGFAP-Cre mice (n = 4) 7 days after TBI compared to sham controls. f αIL-1β neutralizing antibody (1 mg/ml) and h memantine treatment (20 mg/kg) both decrease proliferation (%Ki67⁺ cells; n = 5) and g, i Ccl5 expression (n = 3) following TBI relative to their respective control mice (IgG and vehicle treatment groups). Data are presented as the means ± SEM. Scale bar: b 100 μm; c, f, i 50 μm. Two-tailed Student’s t test