Fig. 1

Non-NP are transformed into NP during the progression of ADNC. a Hippocampus all regions. CA1 region from different AD neuropathological changes were shown in low magnification (300 μm) and non-NP and NP from each case were shown, in insert, with high magnification (60 μm). NP and non-NP were determined by using modified Gallyas silver staining and anti-Aβ antibody Ab5 (anti-Mouse). Non-NP and NP count was manually counted by a blinded observer from the same case and compared between low AD (n = 15), intermediate AD (n = 15), high AD (n = 23), and high AD mixed pathology (n = 20). Between intermediate AD and high AD cases, non-NP is slightly lower in high AD but NP count is significantly higher in high AD. b Frontal cortex. Frontal cortex images from different AD neuropathological changes. Quantification of non-NP, NP, and total plaque (Non-NP and NP) were compared between low AD (n = 18), intermediate AD (n = 18), high AD (n = 19), and high AD mixed pathology (n = 21). Comparing intermediate AD and high AD cases, the non-NP count is lower in high AD, but NP is significantly increased in high AD. c Occipital Cortex. Occipital cortex images from different AD neuropathological changes- Low AD (n = 16), intermediate AD (n = 20), High AD (n = 23), and high AD mixed pathology (n = 20). No significant differences in non-NP between intermediate AD and high AD but NP is significantly increased in high AD.