Fig. 2
Hypertrophic astrocytes in Alpers’ syndrome. (a) The mean (+ SD) area (µm2) and volume (µm3) of individual two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) GFAP + astrocytes, respectively, are increased in occipital cortex tissues from patients with Alpers’ syndrome relative to control astrocytes (N = 5 control cases). Dotted line indicates the mean area and volume of control astrocytes. Random individual 2-D and 3-D astrocytes were imaged for analysis. Multiple comparison analyses relative to control data: * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, **** P < 0.0001. (b) Hypertrophic astrocytes identified based on GFAP + staining of Patient 13 are presented. Scale bars = 10 μm