Severe CTE and TDP-43 pathology in a former professional soccer player with dementia: a clinicopathological case report and review of the literature

Table 1 Visual scores of immunoreactivity

	p-tau						3R tau			4R tau			Aβ*	APP	TDP-43	p62	α-syn
	NFT	NT	TSA	GFA	TA	CB	neu	glia	oligo	neu	glia	oligo
Frontal	++	++	+	−	++	++							+	+++	++
Parietal	++	++	++	+	+	+
Temporal	+++	++	+	−	+	+	++	−	+	++	+	++
Motor Cortex	++	+++	+	−	++	+
Cingulate Gyrus	+	+++	+	−	+	+
Occipital	+	+	−	+	−	−
Hippocampus	+++	++	++	−	+	+							−	++	++		−
Amygdala	+++	++	++	+	+	–									+		−
Thalamus+STN	+	++	++	–	++	++	++	–	++	+	++	++
Basal ganglia	+	++	+	−	++	+	++	−	++	+	+	+	−	++	+
Hypothalamus	+	+	+	−	+	+
Mesencephalon	+	++	+++	−	+	+											−
Substantia nigra	+	++	−	−	+	+
Colliculus sup+inf	+	++	+++	−	++	+							+	−
Pons+LC	++	++ +	+	−	++	++							+	−
Medulla	+	++	+++	−	+	+									+
Cerebellum	++	+	++	−	+	+	+	−	−	++	−	+	−	++		−

Visual assessment of the extent of immunoreactivity for each protein, assessed by two authors. Scores: none (−), minimal (+), moderate (++), and extensive (+++)
p-tau phosphorylated tau, NFT neurofibrillary tangles, NT neuropil threads, TSA thorn-shaped astrocytes, GFA granular/fuzzy astrocytes; TA tufted astrocytes; CB coiled bodies, 3R 3-repeat; 4R 4-repeat; neu neuronal; oligo oligodendrocytes; Aβ amyloid-β, APP amyloid precursor protein, α-syn alpha-synuclein, STN subthalamic nucleus, LC locus coeruleus
^*Only Aβ positive diffuse plaques were recognized, no neuritic plaques
− none, +: minimal,++: moderate,+++: extensive

ISSN: 2051-5960