Fig. 5

In vitro functional assays of the crosstalk between CD105⁺ cells and TME. A Angiogenic and immunosuppressive factors detected by antibody assay. POS positive control, NEG negative control, ANG angiogenin, EGF epidermal growth factor, CXCL5 C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5, FGF-2 fibroblast growth factor-2, GRO growth-related oncogene, IFN-γ interferon gamma, IGF insulin-like growth factor, IL-6 interleukin 6, IL-8 interleukin 8, CCL C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand, PDGF-BB platelet-derived growth factor B-chain homodimer, PLGF placenta growth factor, TGFβ transforming growth factor-β, TIMP tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase, TPO thyroid peroxidase, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor. B Heatmap of 20 angiogenic and immunosuppressive factors identified on 6 GBM CD105⁺ cell lines. Protein expressions are displayed as colors ranging from red to blue as shown in the key. C Quantification of the overexpressed proteins on CD105⁺ cells (n = 6 cell lines). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. D PD-L1 expression assays on GBM CD105⁺ cells. Flow cytometry data showing the differential PD-L1 expression on CD105⁺ cell lines. Lower panels: IF staining verifying the coexpression of CD105 (red) and PD-L1 (green)