Fig. 1
Characterization of water-soluble proteins eluted from AD and non-AD human brain tissues. A The eluted soluble fraction from human brains were enriched in Aβ1–40 and Aβ1–42 and showed a tendency toward Aβ1–38 enrichment in individual AD extracts (n = 6) compared to non-AD control samples (n = 5). **p < 0.01. B The levels of pTau were not significantly different between AD and control protein extracts (n = 5 per group). Data are presented as the means ± SEM. C Volcano plot visualizing up- and downregulated proteins (FDR < 0.01 and s0 = 0.1). The plot shows − log10 transformed p values versus log2-transformed fold changes in mean protein intensities between AD and control pooled extracts. Selected functionally relevant proteins are highlighted in the plot, showing less abundant (left panel, blue) or more abundant (right panel, red) proteins in AD extracts compared to non-AD control extracts