Table 1 Overview of patient demographics and clinical characteristics
From: Characterizing temporal genomic heterogeneity in pediatric low-grade gliomas
| Â | Number of patients (%) |
|---|---|
Gender | |
 Female | 27 (60%) |
 Male | 18 (40%) |
Median age (years) at diagnosis (range) | 5.8 (0.4–18.3) |
Histologic diagnosis | |
 Pilocytic Astrocytoma | 26(58%) |
 Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma | 2 (4%) |
 Diffuse Astrocytoma | 7 (16%) |
 Ganglioglioma | 5 (11%) |
 Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma (DIG) | 1 (2%) |
 Pleomorphic Xanthroastrocytoma (PXA) | 1 (2%) |
 Angiocentric glioma | 1 (2%) |
 Low grade glial or glioneuronal neoplasm, not otherwise specified (NOS) | 2 (4%) |
Extent of first surgical resection (at diagnosis) | |
 Biopsy | 10 (23%) |
 Subtotal resection | 24 (50%) |
 Gross total resection | 11 (27%) |
Median time (months) to first progressiona (Range) | 13 (1.5–178) |
Median time (months) to second surgery (Range) | 19 (1.5–178) |
Extent of second surgical resection | |
 Biopsy | 2 (4%) |
 Subtotal resection | 17 (38%) |
 Gross total resection | 22 (49%) |
 Unknown | 4 (9%) |
Received systemic therapy prior to second surgery | 17 (38%) |
 Received at least two systemic therapy regimens prior to second surgery | 8 (17%) |
 Systemic therapy received (% of patients who received systemic therapy) | |
  Carboplatin with or without Vincristine | 12 (71%) |
  Vinblastine | 6 (35%) |
  Bevacizumab with or without Irinotecan | 3 (18%) |
  Temozolomide | 2 (12%) |
  Thioguanine, Procarbazine, Lomustine, and Vincristine | 2 (12%) |
  Carboplatin or Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide, and Etoposide | 2 (12%) |
  Trametinib | 1 (6%) |
  Everolimus | 1 (6%) |
  Lenalinomide | 1 (6%) |
  Vorinostat | 1 (6%) |
  Rapamycin | 1 (6%) |
Received irradiation prior to second surgery | 4 (9%) |
Received no systemic therapy or irradiation prior to second surgery | 25 (56%) |
Underwent third surgery | 4 (9%) |
Median time (months) from second surgery to third surgery (range) | 38.5 (1–118) |
Extent of third surgical resection | |
 Biopsy | 1 (25%) |
 Subtotal resection | 3 (75%) |
Received systemic therapy between second and third surgeries | 2 (50%) |
Systemic therapy received | |
  Temozolomide, then Vinblastine | 1 (20%) |
  Avastin and Irinotecan | 1 (20%) |
Received irradiation between second and third surgery | 0 (0%) |
Received no systemic therapy or irradiation between second and third surgeries | 2 (50%) |
Underwent fourth surgical resection | 2 (4%) |
Median time (months) from third surgery to fourth surgery (Range) | 45.5 (8–83) |
Extent of fourth surgical resection | |
 Subtotal resection | 1 (50%) |
 Autopsy | 1 (50%) |
Received systemic therapy between third and fourth surgeries | 2 (100%) |
 Systemic therapy received |  |
  Temozolomide, then Trametinib | 1 (50%) |
  Lenalidomide, then Selumetinib, then Everolimus | 1 (50%) |
Received irradiation between third and fourth surgery | 1 (50%) |
Alive at time of last follow-up | 42 (93%) |
Median time (months) to last follow-up (Range) | 87 (13–395) |