Fig. 1

Human native-MOG Ab response in demyelinating disorders. a Paediatric (n = 139) and adult (n = 148) sera from patients with demyelinating disorders were positive for native MOG Ab by live flow assay (upper row). Most MOG Ab were of the IgG1 isotype (lower row). Based on level of native-MOG Ab (dotted blue line), patients had high (top 33% of all patients), mid (middle 33% of all patients), or low (lowest 33% of all patients) native-MOG Ab titers. All controls were negative (grey). Dotted-black line indicates positivity threshold (mean of control sera +3SD). Native-MOG Ab positivity is shown between brackets. b There was a strong positive correlation between the ΔMFI of serum diluted at 1:50 and MOG Ab titers represented by dilution end-point (DEP) in children (n = 58, P < 0.0001, R² = 0.852) and adults (n = 89, P < 0.0001, R² = 0.793). c CSF native-MOG Ab were detected in 10 seropositive children (12 samples) and 9 adults (10 samples). 10/12 paediatric and 8/10 adult CSF MOG Ab titers were lower than in matched serum (P = 0.111 and P = 0.429, respectively) when ΔMFI values were normalized. Two children had slightly elevated levels in CSF compared to serum, and two adults had significantly higher native-MOG Ab titers in CSF than serum (filled-blue). d Distribution of seropositive native-MOG Ab among paediatric and adult clinical phenotypes. Relapsing ADEM is multiphasic ADEM according to [30]. e Regardless of disease course, patients with BON had significantly higher titers of native-MOG Ab than UON patients (P = 0.01). BON patients also exhibited higher MOG Ab titers than UON patients when sera were collected at disease onset (monophasic and relapsing UON, n = 27; monophasic and relapsing BON n = 21) (P = 0.040). Ab- = antibody negative, Ab+ = antibody positive, ADEM = acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, relapsing ADEM* = multiphasic ADEM, BON = bilateral optic neuritis, CSF = cerebrospinal fluid, CTL = controls, DEP = dilution end-point, LETM = longitudinally-extensive transverse myelitis, MFI = median fluorescence intensity, sTM = short transverse myelitis, UON = unilateral optic neuritis