Fig. 4

Astrocytosis appeared subsequent to microgliosis in EAE and also persisted until the final time point. Increased GFAP signal (associated with gliosis) presented at 9 dpi and also remained until 33 dpi in both the a optic nerve and the b retina (arrows). c mRNA expression of Gfap in EAE retinas significantly increased from 11 dpi to 33 dpi, tapering off at the final two observational time points. p-values for comparison between EAE and control mice (**** p < 0.00001, *** p < 0.0001, * p < 0.05). EAE: experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein, IRL: inner retinal layer, INL: inner nuclear layer, ONL: outer nuclear layer