Fig. 5

Segment-specific deficits in the number of small-, medium-, and large-diameter axons in autism. Estimation of total number (millions) of axons in the CC of control and autistic subjects revealed significant deficit in total number of small-diameter axons in S I (46.5%) and S III (40.1%) in autistic subjects. The dominant feature of all five segments was 49% deficit of medium-diameter axons and 72.6% deficit of large-diameter axons in autistic subjects. Electron micrographs and respective plots of axons illustrate deficit of small-, medium-, and large-diameter axons in CC genu (S I) in autistic subject compared to control subject