White matter changes in Alzheimer’s disease: a focus on myelin and oligodendrocytes

Table 1 This table summarizes the studies, the specimen that was used, and oligodendrocyte alterations in AD animal models and human

The model and specimen	Oligodendrocyte changes			Source
PS1 knock-in mouse	Vulnerability and death of OLs			Pak et al. 2003
Postmortem AD	Increased MAP-2 positive remyelinating OLs adjacent to WM lesions	Increased PDGFR- α positive OPCs in WM lesions	No change in Myelinating OLs in deep white matter	Simpson et al. 2007
3xTg-AD mouse	Decreased myelinating OLs	No change in immature OLs	Increased mature non-myelinating OLs	Desai et al. 2010
Postmortem AD	Reduced OLs nuclear diameter in parahippocampal white matter			Gagyi et al. 2011
APPPS1 mouse	Increased OPCs number			Behrendt et al. 2013
Postmortem AD	Decreased Olig2+			Behrendt et al. 2013

It depicts the verity of the results in different animal models and human studies. PS1 Presenelin-1, OL oligodendrocyte, MAP microtubule associated protein, PDGFR platelet-derived growth factor receptor, OPCs oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, WM white matter, 3xTg-AD triple transgenic AD mouse model. APPPS1 mouse mouse with both APP and PS1 transgenes

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