From: Dysregulation of lysophosphatidic acids in multiple sclerosis and autoimmune encephalomyelitis
 | Multiple sclerosis patients |  | Healthy controls | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Male | Female |  |  |  |  | |||||||
 | MS 1st course | RRMS stable | RRMS acute relapse | SPMS or PPMS | MS 1st course | RRMS stable | RRMS acute relapse | SPMS or PPMS | Total number (m/f) | Male | Female | Total | |
Number (all treatments) | 8 | 16 | 4 | 3 | 12 | 39 | 18 | 2 | 102 (35/67) | 118 | 183 | 301 | |
Age (Years mean ± SD) | 38.2 ± 7.5 | 35.5 ± 0.4 | 33.9 ± 7.0 | 43.6 ± 18.1 | 31.6 ± 9.1 | 34.3 ± 8.9 | 37.2 ± 10.9 | 49.3 ± 11.0 | 35.5 ± 9.7 | 25.0 ± 6.1 | 24.9 ± 6.1 | 25.0 ± 6.1 | |
Years since diagnosis | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 7.6 ± 6.1 | 2.1 ± 1.8 | 5.7 ± 4.7 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 7.4 ± 5.9 | 6.7 ± 5.3 | 1.1 ± 1.3 | 5.6 ± 5.7 |  |  |  | |
Relapse prophylaxis Number of patients | No drug | 6 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 6 | 10 | 1 | 39 | Â | Â | Â |
Interferon | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 5 | 1 | 25 | Â | Â | Â | |
Fingolimod | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 10 | Â | Â | Â | |
Natalizumab | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 19 | Â | Â | Â | |
Other | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 9 | Â | Â | Â |