Post-mortem histopathology underlying β-amyloid PET imaging following flutemetamol F 18 injection

Table 4 Histometric, neuropathology, clinical and BIE correlates

mCERAD_SOT	Amyloid phase	% Amyloid IHC	Dx AD (NIA-RI)	Dx AD (NIA-AA)	Braak stage	Cortical atrophy	SUVR	Dementia	BIE positivity
(Quantitative)	(Ordinal)	(Quantitative)	(Ordinal)	(Ordinal)	(Ordinal)	(Ordinal)	(Quantitative)	(Nominal)	(Nominal)
P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0005	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P = 0.2518	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0009	P < 0.0001	CERAD	(Ordinal)
	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0014	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P = 0.3569	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0021	P < 0.0001	mCERAD_SOT	(Quantitative)
		P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P = 0.6275	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	Amyloid Phase	(Ordinal)
			P = 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P = 0.0001	P = 0.9266	P < 0.0001	P = 0.8746	P < 0.0001	% amyloid IHC	(Quantitative)
				P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P = 0.2087	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	AD (NIA-RI)	(Ordinal)
					P < 0.0001	P = 0.2758	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	AD (NIA-AA)	(Ordinal)
						P = 0.4195	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	P < 0.0001	Braak Stage	(Ordinal)
							P = 0.1778	P = 0.4006	P = 0.7397	Cortical atrophy	(Ordinal)
								P = 0.0041	P < 0.0001	SUVR	(Quantitative)
									P < 0.0001	Dementia	(Nominal)

mCERAD _SOT modified CERAD Standard of Truth, IHC Immunohistochemistry, Dx AD (NIA-RI) Neuropathological diagnosis of AD likelihood using the National Institute of Ageing – Reagan Institute criteria [9], Dx AD (NIA-AA) Neuropathological diagnosis of AD likelihood using the National Institute of Ageing – Alzheimer’s Association criteria [8], SUVR Standard retention value ratio normalised to the cerebellar cortex, BIE Blinded Image evaluation of PET images, CERAD Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease
Statistical tests were performed as indicated in the insert panel. mCERADSOT, % area amyloid IHC and SUVR values are continuous variables. All other variables are either categorical; CERAD (None, Sparse, Moderate, Frequent); Amyloid Phase (phases 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5); Dx AD (NIA-RI) (Normal, Low, Intermediate or High - likelihood of AD), Dx AD (NIA-RI) (Not, Low, Intermediate or High – level of AD neuropathologic change), Braak Stage (Stage 0, I, II, III, IV, V and VI); Cortical atrophy (None, Mild, Moderate, Severe), or nominal; Dementia (Yes or No); BIE positivity (Normal Abnormal). All tests were performed using Spearman except BIE positivity vs Dementia which was perfomed using Chi-square test. Plots for some BIE positivity correlations are presented in Figs. 2 and 4

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