Table 1 Reported angiogenesis-related changes in serum, CSF and PBMCs of MS patients

VEGF-A

↑

[12],[59],[255]

↓

[53],[63]

↓

[59],[63]

VEGF-D

↑

[256]

VEGF-R3

↑

[256]

Angiopoietin-2

↑

[256]

Basic FGF

↑

[12]

↑

[257]

Endothelin-1

↑

[85],[184]

↑

[185]

↑

[258]

Nitric oxide and NOS

↑

[259]

↑

[111],[185]

↑

[260]

TNF-α

↑

[261]

↑

[258],[262],[263]

↑

[264]–[266]

TGF-β

↑

[267]

↑

[268]

↓

[269]

↓

[268]

IFN-γ

↑

[270]

↑

[75]

↑

[265],[269]

MMP-2

↑

[271]

↑

[272]

↑

[273]

MMP-9

↑

[271],[274]

↑

[275],[276]

↑

[273]

TIMP-1

↑

[274]

↓

[277]

↓

[278]

sCD146

↑

[279]