Articles

Atypical Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with PrP-amyloid plaques in white matter: molecular characterization and transmission to bank voles show the M1 strain signature

Amyloid plaques formed by abnormal prion protein (PrP^Sc) aggregates occur with low frequency in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, but represent a pathological hallmark of three relatively rare disease histotypes, namely...

Authors: Marcello Rossi, Daniela Saverioni, Michele Di Bari, Simone Baiardi, Afina Willemina Lemstra, Laura Pirisinu, Sabina Capellari, Annemieke Rozemuller, Romolo Nonno and Piero Parchi

Elevated LRRK2 autophosphorylation in brain-derived and peripheral exosomes in LRRK2 mutation carriers

Missense mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene can cause late-onset Parkinson disease (PD). LRRK2 mutations increase LRRK2 kinase activities that may increase levels of LRRK2 autophosphorylat...

Authors: Shijie Wang, Zhiyong Liu, Tao Ye, Omar S. Mabrouk, Tyler Maltbie, Jan Aasly and Andrew B. West

A novel vector for transgenesis in the rat CNS

The larger brain of the rat enables a much greater repertoire of complex behaviors than mice, likely making rats preferential for investigating neurodegeneration. Because molecular tools for specific expressio...

Authors: T. Peter Lopez, Kurt Giles, Brittany N. Dugger, Abby Oehler, Carlo Condello, Zuzana Krejciova, Julian A. Castaneda, George A. Carlson and Stanley B. Prusiner

α-Synuclein fibrils recruit peripheral immune cells in the rat brain prior to neurodegeneration

Genetic variation in a major histocompatibility complex II (MHCII)-encoding gene (HLA-DR) increases risk for Parkinson disease (PD), and the accumulation of MHCII-expressing immune cells in the brain correlates w...

Authors: Ashley S. Harms, Vedad Delic, Aaron D. Thome, Nicole Bryant, Zhiyong Liu, Sidhanth Chandra, Asta Jurkuvenaite and Andrew B. West

Distinct functional consequences of ECEL1/DINE missense mutations in the pathogenesis of congenital contracture disorders

Endothelin-converting enzyme-like 1 (ECEL1, also termed DINE in rodents), a membrane-bound metalloprotease, has been identified as a gene responsible for distal arthrogryposis (DA). ECEL1-mutated DA is generally ...

Authors: Kenichi Nagata, Mika Takahashi, Sumiko Kiryu-Seo, Hiroshi Kiyama and Takaomi C. Saido

Lack of chronic neuroinflammation in the absence of focal hemorrhage in a rat model of low-energy blast-induced TBI

Blast-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been a common cause of injury in the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Blast waves can damage blood vessels, neurons, and glial cells within the brain. Ac...

Authors: Miguel A. Gama Sosa, Rita De Gasperi, Georgina S. Perez Garcia, Heidi Sosa, Courtney Searcy, Danielle Vargas, Pierce L. Janssen, Gissel M. Perez, Anna E. Tschiffely, William G. Janssen, Richard M. McCarron, Patrick R. Hof, Fatemeh G. Haghighi, Stephen T. Ahlers and Gregory A. Elder

Deposition of mutant ubiquitin in parkinsonism–dementia complex of Guam

Authors: Bert M. Verheijen, Tomoyo Hashimoto, Kiyomitsu Oyanagi and Fred W. van Leeuwen

Clusterin protects neurons against intracellular proteotoxicity

It is now widely accepted in the field that the normally secreted chaperone clusterin is redirected to the cytosol during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, although the physiological function(s) of this physi...

Authors: Jenna M. Gregory, Daniel R. Whiten, Rebecca A. Brown, Teresa P. Barros, Janet R. Kumita, Justin J. Yerbury, Sandeep Satapathy, Karina McDade, Colin Smith, Leila M. Luheshi, Christopher M. Dobson and Mark R. Wilson

Epigenetic control of epilepsy target genes contributes to a cellular memory of epileptogenesis in cultured rat hippocampal neurons

Hypersynchronous neuronal excitation manifests clinically as seizure (ictogenesis), and may recur spontaneously and repetitively after a variable latency period (epileptogenesis). Despite tremendous research e...

Authors: K. Kiese, J. Jablonski, J. Hackenbracht, J. K. Wrosch, T. W. Groemer, J. Kornhuber, I. Blümcke and K. Kobow

Characterizing temporal genomic heterogeneity in pediatric high-grade gliomas

Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) are aggressive neoplasms representing approximately 20% of brain tumors in children. Current therapies offer limited disease control, and patients have a poor prognosis. Em...

Authors: Ralph Salloum, Melissa K. McConechy, Leonie G. Mikael, Christine Fuller, Rachid Drissi, Mariko DeWire, Hamid Nikbakht, Nicolas De Jay, Xiaodan Yang, Daniel Boue, Lionel M. L. Chow, Jonathan L. Finlay, Tenzin Gayden, Jason Karamchandani, Trent R. Hummel, Randal Olshefski…

CRISPR/Cas9-Correctable mutation-related molecular and physiological phenotypes in iPSC-derived Alzheimer’s PSEN2 ^N141I neurons

Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) are believed to be one of the first cell types to be affected in all forms of AD, and their dysfunction is clinically correlated with impaired short-term memory form...

Authors: Maitane Ortiz-Virumbrales, Cesar L. Moreno, Ilya Kruglikov, Paula Marazuela, Andrew Sproul, Samson Jacob, Matthew Zimmer, Daniel Paull, Bin Zhang, Eric E. Schadt, Michelle E. Ehrlich, Rudolph E. Tanzi, Ottavio Arancio, Scott Noggle and Sam Gandy

Distinct TDP-43 inclusion morphologies in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with and without amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

The identification of the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) as the ubiquitinated cytoplasmic inclusions in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) confirmed that thes...

Authors: Rachel H. Tan, Yue Yang, Woojin S. Kim, Carol Dobson-Stone, John B. Kwok, Matthew C. Kiernan and Glenda M. Halliday

Lessons learned about [F-18]-AV-1451 off-target binding from an autopsy-confirmed Parkinson’s case

[F-18]-AV-1451 is a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer with high affinity to neurofibrillary tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). PET studies have shown increased tracer retention in patient...

Authors: Marta Marquié, Eline E. Verwer, Avery C. Meltzer, Sally Ji Who Kim, Cinthya Agüero, Jose Gonzalez, Sara J. Makaretz, Michael Siao Tick Chong, Prianca Ramanan, Ana C. Amaral, Marc D. Normandin, Charles R. Vanderburg, Stephen N. Gomperts, Keith A. Johnson, Matthew P. Frosch and Teresa Gómez-Isla

Glial cells are functionally impaired in juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis and detrimental to neurons

The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs or Batten disease) are a group of inherited, fatal neurodegenerative disorders of childhood. In these disorders, glial (microglial and astrocyte) activation typically o...

Authors: Lotta Parviainen, Sybille Dihanich, Greg W. Anderson, Andrew M. Wong, Helen R. Brooks, Rosella Abeti, Payam Rezaie, Giovanna Lalli, Simon Pope, Simon J. Heales, Hannah M. Mitchison, Brenda P. Williams and Jonathan D. Cooper

Distinct deposition of amyloid-β species in brains with Alzheimer’s disease pathology visualized with MALDI imaging mass spectrometry

Amyloid β (Aβ) deposition in the brain is an early and invariable feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Aβ peptides are composed of about 40 amino acids and are generated from amyloid precursor proteins (AP...

Authors: Nobuto Kakuda, Tomohiro Miyasaka, Noriyuki Iwasaki, Takashi Nirasawa, Satoko Wada-Kakuda, Junko Takahashi-Fujigasaki, Shigeo Murayama, Yasuo Ihara and Masaya Ikegawa

Translocation of molecular chaperones to the titin springs is common in skeletal myopathy patients and affects sarcomere function

Myopathies encompass a wide variety of acquired and hereditary disorders. The pathomechanisms include structural and functional changes affecting, e.g., myofiber metabolism and contractile properties. In this ...

Authors: Andreas Unger, Lisa Beckendorf, Pierre Böhme, Rudolf Kley, Marion von Frieling-Salewsky, Hanns Lochmüller, Rolf Schröder, Dieter O. Fürst, Matthias Vorgerd and Wolfgang A. Linke

Transmission of α-synuclein-containing erythrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles across the blood-brain barrier via adsorptive mediated transcytosis: another mechanism for initiation and progression of Parkinson’s disease?

Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathophysiology develops in part from the formation, transmission, and aggregation of toxic species of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn). Recent evidence suggests that extracellular vesi...

Authors: Junichi Matsumoto, Tessandra Stewart, Lifu Sheng, Na Li, Kristin Bullock, Ning Song, Min Shi, William A Banks and Jing Zhang

Effects of sustained i.c.v. infusion of lupus CSF and autoantibodies on behavioral phenotype and neuronal calcium signaling

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a potentially fatal autoimmune disease that is often accompanied by brain atrophy and diverse neuropsychiatric manifestations of unknown origin. More recently, it was obse...

Authors: Minesh Kapadia, Dunja Bijelić, Hui Zhao, Donglai Ma, Ljudmila Stojanovich, Milena Milošević, Pavle Andjus and Boris Šakić

Alzheimer’s disease pathological lesions activate the spleen tyrosine kinase

The pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by dystrophic neurites (DNs) surrounding extracellular Aβ-plaques, microgliosis, astrogliosis, intraneuronal tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation....

Authors: Jonas Elias Schweig, Hailan Yao, David Beaulieu-Abdelahad, Ghania Ait-Ghezala, Benoit Mouzon, Fiona Crawford, Michael Mullan and Daniel Paris

Neuron loss and degeneration in the progression of TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP) is associated with the accumulation of pathological neuronal and glial intracytoplasmic inclusions as well as accompanying neuron loss. We ex...

Authors: Ahmed Yousef, John L. Robinson, David J. Irwin, Matthew D. Byrne, Linda K. Kwong, Edward B. Lee, Yan Xu, Sharon X. Xie, Lior Rennert, EunRan Suh, Vivianna M. Van Deerlin, Murray Grossman, Virginia M.-Y. Lee and John Q. Trojanowski

Age-dependent changes in synaptic plasticity enhance tau oligomerization in the mouse hippocampus

The aggregation mechanism of phosphorylated tau is an important therapeutic target for tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease, although the mechanism by which aggregation occurs is still unknown. Because t...

Authors: Tetsuya Kimura, Mamiko Suzuki and Takumi Akagi

Long-term neurologic and cardiac correction by intrathecal gene therapy in Pompe disease

Pompe disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by acid-α-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency, leading to glycogen storage. The disease manifests as a fatal cardiomyopathy in infantile form. Enzyme replacement t...

Authors: J. Hordeaux, L. Dubreil, C. Robveille, J. Deniaud, Q. Pascal, B. Dequéant, J. Pailloux, L. Lagalice, M. Ledevin, C. Babarit, P. Costiou, F. Jamme, M. Fusellier, Y. Mallem, C. Ciron, C. Huchet…

Enhanced exosome secretion in Down syndrome brain - a protective mechanism to alleviate neuronal endosomal abnormalities

A dysfunctional endosomal pathway and abnormally enlarged early endosomes in neurons are an early characteristic of Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We have hypothesized that endosomal material...

Authors: Sébastien A. Gauthier, Rocío Pérez-González, Ajay Sharma, Fang-Ke Huang, Melissa J. Alldred, Monika Pawlik, Gurjinder Kaur, Stephen D. Ginsberg, Thomas A. Neubert and Efrat Levy

RNA biology of disease-associated microsatellite repeat expansions

Microsatellites, or simple tandem repeat sequences, occur naturally in the human genome and have important roles in genome evolution and function. However, the expansion of microsatellites is associated with o...

Authors: Kushal J. Rohilla and Keith T. Gagnon

The frequency and prognostic effect of TERT promoter mutation in diffuse gliomas

Mutations in the telomerase reverse transcriptase gene promoter (TERTp) are common in glioblastomas (GBMs) and oligodendrogliomas (ODGs), and therefore, have a key role in tumorigenesis and may be of prognostic v...

Authors: Yujin Lee, Jaemoon Koh, Seong-Ik Kim, Jae Kyung Won, Chul-Kee Park, Seung Hong Choi and Sung-Hye Park

Are exosomes the vehicle for protein aggregate propagation in neurodegenerative diseases?

Abnormal protein aggregation has been implicated in neurodegenerative processes in human neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Recently, studies have established a novel ...

Authors: Yoon-Ju Lim and Seung-Jae Lee

Connectivity, not region-intrinsic properties, predicts regional vulnerability to progressive tau pathology in mouse models of disease

Spatiotemporal tau pathology progression is regarded as highly stereotyped within each type of degenerative condition. For instance, AD has a progression of tau pathology consistently beginning in the entorhin...

Authors: Chris Mezias, Eve LoCastro, Chuying Xia and Ashish Raj

Fibrin-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a hemorrhagic cranial arachnoid cyst

Authors: Daniel Kirschenbaum, Peter Prömmel, Flavio Vasella, Eugenia Haralambieva, Ewerton Marques Maggio, Robert Reisch, Marc Beer, Ulrike Camenisch and Elisabeth J. Rushing

Generation and characterization of new monoclonal antibodies targeting the PHF1 and AT8 epitopes on human tau

Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, defined by the presence of brain pathological inclusions comprised of abnormally aggregated and highly phosphorylated tau ...

Authors: Kevin H. Strang, Marshall S. Goodwin, Cara Riffe, Brenda D. Moore, Paramita Chakrabarty, Yona Levites, Todd E. Golde and Benoit I. Giasson

Mutation-induced loss of APP function causes GABAergic depletion in recessive familial Alzheimer’s disease: analysis of Osaka mutation-knockin mice

The E693Δ (Osaka) mutation in APP is linked to familial Alzheimer’s disease. While this mutation accelerates amyloid β (Aβ) oligomerization, only patient homozygotes suffer from dementia, implying that this mutat...

Authors: Tomohiro Umeda, Tetsuya Kimura, Kayo Yoshida, Keizo Takao, Yuki Fujita, Shogo Matsuyama, Ayumi Sakai, Minato Yamashita, Yuki Yamashita, Kiyouhisa Ohnishi, Mamiko Suzuki, Hiroshi Takuma, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa, Akihiko Takashima, Takashi Morita, Hiroshi Mori…

Oligomeric amyloid-beta induces MAPK-mediated activation of brain cytosolic and calcium-independent phospholipase A₂ in a spatial-specific manner

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is histopathologically characterized by the build-up of fibrillar amyloid beta (Aβ) in the form of amyloid plaques and the development of intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles consisti...

Authors: Juan Pablo Palavicini, Chunyan Wang, Linyuan Chen, Kristen Hosang, Jianing Wang, Takami Tomiyama, Hiroshi Mori and Xianlin Han

Complement regulator CD59 prevents peripheral organ injury in rats made seropositive for neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin G

Pathogenesis in aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (herein called NMO) involves complement-dependent cytotoxicity initiated by AQP4-IgG binding to astr...

Authors: Xiaoming Yao and Alan S. Verkman

Cryptic amyloidogenic elements in mutant NEFH causing Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2 trigger aggresome formation and neuronal death

Neurofilament heavy chain (NEFH) gene was recently identified to cause autosomal dominant axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT2cc). However, the clinical spectrum of this condition and the physio-pathological ...

Authors: Arnaud Jacquier, Cécile Delorme, Edwige Belotti, Raoul Juntas-Morales, Guilhem Solé, Odile Dubourg, Marianne Giroux, Claude-Alain Maurage, Valérie Castellani, Adriana Rebelo, Alexander Abrams, Stephan Züchner, Tanya Stojkovic, Laurent Schaeffer and Philippe Latour

Heterogeneous ribonuclear protein E2 (hnRNP E2) is associated with TDP-43-immunoreactive neurites in Semantic Dementia but not with other TDP-43 pathological subtypes of Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration

Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) encompasses certain related neurodegenerative disorders which alter personality and cognition. Heterogeneous ribonuclear proteins (hnRNPs) maintain RNA metabolism and c...

Authors: Yvonne S. Davidson, Andrew C. Robinson, Louis Flood, Sara Rollinson, Bridget C. Benson, Yasmine T. Asi, Anna Richardson, Matthew Jones, Julie S. Snowden, Stuart Pickering-Brown, Tammaryn Lashley and David M. A. Mann

The novel compound PBT434 prevents iron mediated neurodegeneration and alpha-synuclein toxicity in multiple models of Parkinson’s disease

Elevated iron in the SNpc may play a key role in Parkinson’s disease (PD) neurodegeneration since drug candidates with high iron affinity rescue PD animal models, and one candidate, deferirpone, has shown effi...

Authors: David I. Finkelstein, Jessica L. Billings, Paul A. Adlard, Scott Ayton, Amelia Sedjahtera, Colin L. Masters, Simon Wilkins, David M. Shackleford, Susan A. Charman, Wojciech Bal, Izabela A Zawisza, Ewa Kurowska, Andrew L. Gundlach, Sheri Ma, Ashley I. Bush, Dominic J. Hare…

Immunoproteasome deficiency alters microglial cytokine response and improves cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease-like APPPS1 mice

The immunoproteasome (iP) represents a specialized type of proteasomes, which plays an important role in the clearance of oxidant-damaged proteins under inflammatory and pathological conditions determining the...

Authors: Lisa K. Wagner, Kate E. Gilling, Eileen Schormann, Peter M. Kloetzel, Frank L. Heppner, Elke Krüger and Stefan Prokop

Zika virus tropism and interactions in myelinating neural cell cultures: CNS cells and myelin are preferentially affected

The recent global outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been linked to severe neurological disorders affecting the peripheral and central nervous systems (PNS and CNS, respectively). The pathobiology und...

Authors: Stephanie L. Cumberworth, Jennifer A. Barrie, Madeleine E. Cunningham, Daniely Paulino Gomes de Figueiredo, Verena Schultz, Adrian J. Wilder-Smith, Benjamin Brennan, Lindomar J. Pena, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira França, Christopher Linington, Susan C. Barnett, Hugh J. Willison, Alain Kohl and Julia M. Edgar

Neonatal AAV delivery of alpha-synuclein induces pathology in the adult mouse brain

Abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein (αsyn) is a pathological hallmark of Lewy body related disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and Dementia with Lewy body disease. During the past two decades, a myriad ...

Authors: Marion Delenclos, Ayman H. Faroqi, Mei Yue, Aishe Kurti, Monica Castanedes-Casey, Linda Rousseau, Virginia Phillips, Dennis W. Dickson, John D. Fryer and Pamela J. McLean

Expression of endogenous mouse APP modulates β-amyloid deposition in hAPP-transgenic mice

Amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition is one of the hallmarks of the amyloid hypothesis in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Mouse models using APP-transgene overexpression to generate amyloid plaques have shown to model only cer...

Authors: Johannes Steffen, Markus Krohn, Christina Schwitlick, Thomas Brüning, Kristin Paarmann, Claus U. Pietrzik, Henrik Biverstål, Baiba Jansone, Oliver Langer and Jens Pahnke

Novel oligodendroglial alpha synuclein viral vector models of multiple system atrophy: studies in rodents and nonhuman primates

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a horrible and unrelenting neurodegenerative disorder with an uncertain etiology and pathophysiology. MSA is a unique proteinopathy in which alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulates...

Authors: Ronald J. Mandel, David J. Marmion, Deniz Kirik, Yaping Chu, Clifford Heindel, Thomas McCown, Steven J. Gray and Jeffrey H. Kordower

Mechanisms underlying extensive Ser129-phosphorylation in α-synuclein aggregates

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized neuropathologically by intracellular aggregates of fibrillar α-synuclein, termed Lewy bodies (LBs). Approximately 90% of α-synuclein deposited as LBs is phosphorylated...

Authors: Shigeki Arawaka, Hiroyasu Sato, Asuka Sasaki, Shingo Koyama and Takeo Kato

Identification and description of three families with familial Alzheimer disease that segregate variants in the SORL1 gene

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. The majority of AD cases are sporadic, while up to 5% are families with an early onset AD (EOAD). Mutati...

Authors: Håkan Thonberg, Huei-Hsin Chiang, Lena Lilius, Charlotte Forsell, Anna-Karin Lindström, Charlotte Johansson, Jenny Björkström, Steinunn Thordardottir, Kristel Sleegers, Christine Van Broeckhoven, Annica Rönnbäck and Caroline Graff

Brain-derived exosomes from dementia with Lewy bodies propagate α-synuclein pathology

Proteins implicated in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) have been identified in bodily fluids encased in extracellular vesicles called exosomes....

Authors: Jennifer Ngolab, Ivy Trinh, Edward Rockenstein, Michael Mante, Jazmin Florio, Margarita Trejo, Deborah Masliah, Anthony Adame, Eliezer Masliah and Robert A. Rissman

Characterization of tau prion seeding activity and strains from formaldehyde-fixed tissue

Tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) feature progressive intraneuronal deposition of aggregated tau protein. The cause is unknown, but in experimental systems trans-cellular propagation of tau patholog...

Authors: Sarah K. Kaufman, Talitha L. Thomas, Kelly Del Tredici, Heiko Braak and Marc I. Diamond

PLGF, a placental marker of fetal brain defects after in utero alcohol exposure

Most children with in utero alcohol exposure do not exhibit all features of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), and a challenge for clinicians is to make an early diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)...

Authors: Matthieu Lecuyer, Annie Laquerrière, Soumeya Bekri, Céline Lesueur, Yasmina Ramdani, Sylvie Jégou, Arnaud Uguen, Pascale Marcorelles, Stéphane Marret and Bruno J. Gonzalez

Evaluation of a novel antibody to define histone 3.3 G34R mutant brain tumours

Missense somatic mutations affecting histone H3.1 and H3.3 proteins are now accepted as the hallmark of paediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG), non-brain stem paediatric high grade gliomas (pHGG) ...

Authors: Farhana Haque, Pascale Varlet, Julien Puntonet, Lisa Storer, Aikaterini Bountali, Ruman Rahman, Jacques Grill, Angel M Carcaboso, Chris Jones, Robert Layfield and Richard G Grundy

Dysregulation of lysophosphatidic acids in multiple sclerosis and autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Bioactive lipids contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. Here, we show that lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) are dysregulated in multiple sclerosis (MS) and are functionally relevant in this dise...

Authors: K. Schmitz, R. Brunkhorst, N. de Bruin, C. A. Mayer, A. Häussler, N. Ferreiros, S. Schiffmann, M. J. Parnham, S. Tunaru, J. Chun, S. Offermanns, C. Foerch, K. Scholich, J. Vogt, S. Wicker, J. Lötsch…

Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (ROCK2): a new target of autoimmunity in paraneoplastic encephalitis

Onconeural antibodies are associated with cancer and paraneoplastic encephalitis. While their pathogenic role is still largely unknown, their high diagnostic value is undisputed. In this study we describe the ...

Authors: Stoyan Popkirov, Ilya Ayzenberg, Stefanie Hahn, Jan Bauer, Yvonne Denno, Nicole Rieckhoff, Christiane Radzimski, Volkmar H. Hans, Sebastian Berg, Florian Roghmann, Joachim Noldus, Christian G. Bien, Sabine Skodda, Jörg Wellmer, Winfried Stöcker, Christos Krogias…

Multidimensional scaling of diffuse gliomas: application to the 2016 World Health Organization classification system with prognostically relevant molecular subtype discovery

Recent updating of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in 2016 demonstrates the first organized effort to restructure brain tumor classification by incorpo...

Authors: Patrick J. Cimino, Michael Zager, Lisa McFerrin, Hans-Georg Wirsching, Hamid Bolouri, Bettina Hentschel, Andreas von Deimling, David Jones, Guido Reifenberger, Michael Weller and Eric C. Holland

Diffuse non-midline glioma with H3F3A K27M mutation: a prognostic and treatment dilemma

Authors: Giselle López, Nancy Ann Oberheim Bush, Mitchel S. Berger, Arie Perry and David A. Solomon