Fig. 8

Impaired behavioral outcomes are found at 6 and 12 m after jmTBI. A Illustration of the elevated plus maze test with enclosed and open arms. jmTBI mice showed increased time in the open arms at 6 (p = 0.05) and at 12 months (P < 0.05) compared to sham mice, suggesting decreased anxiety like behavior. B Illustration of the open field test performed at 6 and 12 months. Similar to the elevated plus maze test, the jmTBI group spent significantly more time in the center of the maze compared to shams at 6 (P < 0.05) and 12 months (P = 0.38). C Illustration of the novel object location test, in which jmTBI mice displayed significantly higher exploration of both new and old locations. (Two-way ANOVA with Sidack post-hoc test, * indicates sham vs TBI differences). There were no significant differences between groups in the preference for a new location (discrimination index, DI) (Created with BioRender.com)