Fig. 5

Synaptic changes in HE-P301S mice. A–D Distribution of VGlut1 immunolabeling in WT (A, C) and HE-P301S mice (B, D) at six (A, B) and nine (C, D) months of age, showing an increase in expression at 6 months and a decrease in expression at 9 months (E). F–I Distribution of GlutSyn immunolabeling in WT (F, H) and HE-P301S mice (G, I) at six (F, G) and nine (H, I) months of age, showing a decrease in expression at 9 months (J). K–N Distribution of VIAAT immunolabeling in WT (K, M) and HE-P301S (L, N) mice at six (K, L) and nine (M, N) months of age, showing a decrease in expression at 9 months of age (O). E, J, O Quantification of synaptic marker expression: VGlut1 (E, **p = 0.002, *p = 0.01), GlutSyn (J: *p = 0.04; Unpaired Mann–Whitney t test) and VIAAT (O: *p = 0.05; Unpaired Mann–Whitney t test) on retinal sections from WT and HE-P301S mice at the ages of 6 and 9 months. Fluorescence intensities were quantified in a ROI designated in the central part of the retina, close to the optic nerve. Scale bars: 50 µm