Fig. 14

Enhanced c-Fos immunoreactivity in AD-like degus. (a–f) Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy of degu coronal brain sections for c-Fos (green) active neuron comparison between non-AD (top row) and AD-like aged degus (bottom row) in entorhinal cortex (EC, a, d), retrosplenial cortex (RSC, b, e) and hippocampal CA1 (c), f regions. g, h, i A significant increase in c-Fos signal measured as relative intensity value is found in entorhinal cortex (EC, g, p = 2.8 × 10^− 6), retrosplenial cortex (RSC, h, p = 2.7 × 10^− 5) and CA1 hippocampus (i, p = 7.9 × 10^− 5) of AD-like degu brains compared to the Non-AD controls. A significant increase in c-Fos signal is also seen in male AD-like degus compared to Non-AD controls (p = 0.021). Error bars represent SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001, n = 6 degus in AD-like and Non-AD groups, n = 3 for male AD-like and female AD-like groups