Fig. 2

Tau, LATE-NC and GVD expansion are strongly associated. a Network constructed with graphical LASSO reveals that GVD is strongly associated with Braak NFT stage and mediates its relationship with LATE-NC stage (n = 221). The presence of connecting lines, i.e., edges between nodes (variables) indicates a positive and non-spurious partial correlation coefficient (with r values displayed on the edges and represented by the width of an edge). Edges representing correlation coefficients higher than 0.4 are marked in blue. b Semi-partial correlation matrix adjusted for sex shows that LATE-NC and Braak NFT stages are significantly correlated with GVD stage and CDR score, and that Braak NFT, LATE-NC and GVD stages negatively correlates with CA1-hippocampus neuronal density (n = 64). The p-values were adjusted with the Holm–Bonferroni method