Fig. 1

Representative images of cortical tau pathology in a male, 80-year-old former soccer player, with known high-stage CTE-NC (Case 5), stained for various tau antibodies. In sections stained for either PHF-1 (a, e) or 4R tau (d) staining of both neuronal and astroglial profiles is present in a patchy distribution, with concentration to sulcal depths consistent with the pathognomonic lesion of CTE-NC defined in original consensus criteria. In contrast, adjacent sections from the same case stained for either 3R tau (b) or GT-38 (c) show only neuronal pathologies. Scale bars: a, 5 mm; b-e main panels, 250 µm; b-e insets 50 µm