Fig. 3

Associations of DNA methylome with age, DNAm age acceleration, and GBM subclassification. Methylome-wide association studies of the samples were performed for age (green), DNAm age acceleration (pink) and GBM classification (blue) and visualized in a Venn-diagram, for the interaction between the three sets of candidate CpG-probes a and the associated genes b. The genomic location of the selected CpGs, their association with age, DNAm age acceleration, GBM classification, the CpG functionality, and association with the Horvath clock are summarized in c. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), using the MSigDB database, was established for candidate CpG-probes related to age, DNAm age acceleration and GBM classification. The list of gene sets d corresponds to the pathways significantly enriched for age and GBM classification. The number (NB) of genes per gene set is indicated and the p-value is represented by the color code. The gene lists overlapping with those associated with functional methylation (Additional file 1: Fig. S3) are highlighted in bold