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Table 3 Estimated developmental volume deficit in DS cohort

From: Developmental deficits and staging of dynamics of age associated Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration and neuronal loss in subjects with Down syndrome

Structure/subdivision

Volume (mm3) in controls 25–43 y of age (N = 6) Mean and (SD)

Volume (mm3) in DS subjects 26–41 y (N = 4) Mean and (SD)

Volume deficit (mm3) difference between controls 25-43y of age and DS subjects 26–41 y of age

Volume deficit (%)

Volume deficit p < 

Entorhinal cortex -all layers

622.0 (85.6)

612.7 (120.6)

9.3

1.5

ns

Entorhinal cortex—islands

38.9 (6.4)

32.2 (8.1)

6.7

17.0

ns

CA1

456.2 (49.6)

332.2 (95.4)

123.9

27.2

ns

CA2

30.8 (4.4)

42.8 (15.9)

CA3

44.7 (10.9)

43.2 (20.9)

1.4

3.2

ns

CA4

102.7 (19.0)

65.5 (21.8)

37.2

36.2

0.042

Subiculum

184.2 (19.6)

156.8 (34.4)

27.5

14.9

ns

Amygdala

452.0 (65.1)

420.5 (57.1)

31.5

7.0

ns

Thalamus

3,639.7 (169.6)

3002.7 (339.2)

637.1

17.5

ns

Substantia nigra

110.0 (26.8)

126.3 ( 12.2)

MBC

123.3 (9.1)

154.6 (19.3)

Caudate nucleus

1,939.2 (197.4)

2271.5 (285.5)

Cerebellum molecular layer

14,348.0 (2,412)

9813.0 (303.3)

4,535.0

31.6

ns

Dentate nucleus

351.6 (62.4)

270.0 (99.0)

81.6

23.1

ns

   

Cumulative developmental volume deficit: 5,491.2 mm3

Mean developmental volume deficit: 12.8%

 
  1. MBC = magnocellular basal complex