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Table 1 Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) related pathology as

From: Mouse closed head traumatic brain injury replicates the histological tau pathology pattern of human disease: characterization of a novel model and systematic review of the literature

 

1 week

4 weeks

24 weeks

Neuropathology considered Pathognomonic for CTE

 Perivascular p-Tau accumulation

   

  P1: p-Tau immunoreactive neurons

x

x

  P2: p-Tau immunoreactive astrocytes

x

x

Neuropathological features Supportive of CTE

 P-Tau related pathologies

  S1: Cortical p-Tau (preferentially in superficial layers)

x

x

  S2: Hippocampal p-Tau

  S3: p-Tau present in subcortical nuclei

   

   Mamillary bodies

x

x

   Amygdala

   Thalamus

  S4: Astroglial p-Tau in subpial and periventricular regions

   

 p-Tau immunoreactive astrocytes in the subpial regions

x

x

 p-Tau immunoreactive astrocytes in the periventricular regions

Non-p-Tau related histological pathologies

  S5: TDP-43 immunoreactive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions

   

   Cortex

x

x

   Hippocampus

x

   Amygdala

Select nonspecific neuropathological features Associated with CTE*

 A1: β-amyloid precursor protein depositions

 A2: α-synuclein depositions

 A3: Hemosiderin laden macrophages

x

x

x

 A4: Reactive microglia

x

x

 A5: Astrogliosis

x

x

x

 A6: Neuronal loss

x

x

 A7: Axonal loss

x

x

 A8: Blood brain barrier disruption

X

x

not done

  1. *These selected histopathological features have been commonly reported to accompany CTE pathology but are not used to in the consensus criteria to define CTE. P, S, and A refer to pathognomonic, supportive, and associated pathology. “x “ and “–” denote histopathological feature present and absent in our model, respectively