Fig 1.

Complement inhibition in chronic phases post TBI improves cognitive performance and decreases lesion volume. a Workflow of different treatment paradigms used in the study. b Spatial learning and memory assessed using Barnes maze represented by display of path length (distance travelled in m). c Learning curve for the first 5 days of the task. d Comparison of memory retention as assessed by distance travelled represented by path length only on retention day (day 8). For retention day data, statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Unpaired T-test: continuous vs. vehicle. Error bars = Mean +/- SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Vehicle (n = 12), 1-week (n = 9), continuous (n = 12), and Naïve 9 months (n = 9). e Lesion volume for the different groups represented as lesion % of brain. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Unpaired T-test: continuous vs. vehicle. Error bars = Mean +/- SEM. **p < 0.01. Vehicle (n = 10), 1-week (n = 9), and continuous (n = 12). f 3D reconstruction of representative brains from each group, along with sample 2D images from Nissl stains presented in the bottom row.