Fig. 4
From: Enhanced detection of expanded repeat mRNA foci with hybridization chain reaction
R-HCR is more sensitive than FISH at detecting endogenous G4C2 repeats in C9orf72 ALS-FTD patient brains. a–e FISH (a, c) and R-HCR (b, d, e) cerebellum (a, b, e) and frontal cortex (c, d) from three C9orf72 ALS-FTD patients and controls. e C9 cases treated with DNase and RNase prior to R-HCR. White arrows indicate RNA foci positive cells. Higher magnification images of the boxed areas are shown on the right. f Quantification of the percentage of cerebellar granule cells with detectable G4C2 repeat RNA foci in 3 cases. g Quantification of the percentage of cortical neurons and glia with detectable G4C2 repeat RNA foci in three C9orf72 cases ± 95%CI. N > 150 for each sample. Statistics: Fisher’s exact test for f and g. ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001. Scale bar = 50 μm in left for a–d; 20 μm in right for a–e. cb = cerebellum, ctx = frontal cortex