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Fig. 5 | Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Fig. 5

From: SCF + G-CSF treatment in the chronic phase of severe TBI enhances axonal sprouting in the spinal cord and synaptic pruning in the hippocampus

Fig. 5

SCF + G-CSF treatment in the chronic phase of severe TBI attenuates TBI-induced microglial pathology in the hippocampus. a Representative Z-projection images show Iba1 immunopositive microglia in bilateral hippocampal CA1 in the chronic phase of severe TBI. The boxes of a1 and a2 in TBI-vehicle controls were enlarged to show the detailed morphology of the microglial dystrophy. The white arrow in a1 indicates microglial process beading. The white arrowheads in a2 show microglial process fragmentation. b and e Quantification data show the alterations of Iba1+ microglial volume in the contralateral (b) and ipsilateral (e) hippocampal CA1. c and f Quantification data show the number of Iba1+ microglia in the contralateral (c) and ipsilateral (f) hippocampal CA1. Sham: n = 3, TBI-vehicle: n = 4, TBI-SCF + G-CSF-single treatment: n = 5, TBI-SCF + G-CSF-repeated treatment: n = 5. One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher’s LSD test. d Sholl analysis data show morphological complexity of microglia in the contralateral hippocampal CA1. g Sholl analysis data show morphological complexity of microglia in the ipsilateral hippocampal CA1. In Sholl analysis, Sham: n = 30 microglia (in 3 mice), TBI-vehicle: n = 47 microglia (in 4 mice), TBI-SCF + G-CSF-single treatment: n = 50 microglia (in 5 mice), TBI-SCF + G-CSF-repeated treatment: n = 43 microglia (in 5 mice). Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc tests. Mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001

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