Fig. 2

Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-glioma cell crosstalk creates a strong interdependence that leads to increased TAM recruitment, which supports tumor growth. Glioma cells—including both glioma non-stem cells and glioma stem cells—release chemoattractant molecules (Periostin, SSP1, GM-CSF, SDF-1, ATP, GDNF, CX3CL1, LOX, HGF/SF, MCP-1, MCP-3, CSF-1, Versican, and IL-33) that recruit and reprogram TAMs. In turn, TAMs release factors (IL-6, IL-1β, EGF, TGF-β, STI1 and PTN) that promote tumor progression