Fig. 2

Demyelination alters 400 hippocampal gene transcripts. a Left panels show myelin content of myelinated (Ctrl), demyelinated (Dem), and remyelinated (Rem) hippocampi. Right panels show heat maps of differentially-expressed gene transcripts in the three conditions (n = 5). Four-hundred gene transcripts were significantly altered by demyelination (p < 0.05 FDR), and a majority of these trended toward control levels following remyelination. High expression levels are shown in red and lower expression levels are in blue. b Two-hundred and eight transcripts were CNS cell-enriched, while 192 were ubiquitously expressed by CNS cells. CNS cell-enriched transcripts can be found in Additional File 1: Fig. S2 and S3. c Based upon gene ontology (GO) analysis of biological processes, transcripts associated with “Myelination” were significantly altered by demyelination. Transcripts encoding myelin proteins were significantly decreased. d GO enrichment analyses of the biological process “Inflammatory Response” identified altered transcripts associated with innate immunity. In contrast to decreased myelin transcripts, many immune response transcripts were increased by demyelination