Fig. 7

De- and remyelination in human CPM lesions. a Representative micrographs of human pontine CPM lesions stained with LFB/PAS. Typical early-, intermediate- and late-stage lesions are shown. The far right picture shows the perilesion area of the late-stage lesion depicted. Magnification × 100, scale bar represents 200 µm. b LFB staining in combination with immunohistochemistry for mature oligodendrocytes (TPPP/p25). Lesion and perilesion from the same early CPM case are shown. Magnification × 200, scale bar represents 100 µm. c, d Quantification of TPPP/p25+ (c) and Olig2+ (d) oligodendrocytes in different areas of early, intermediate and late stage CPM lesions compared to controls. White bars = lesion, grey bars = perilesion, striped bars = lesion border. e LFB staining combined with Olig2 immunohistochemistry of an early stage CPM lesion and the adjacent perilesion area. Arrowheads indicate Olig2+ nuclei. Magnification × 400, scale bar represents 50 µm. f Quantification of BCAS1+ oligodendrocytes in different areas of early-, intermediate- and late-stage CPM lesions in comparison to controls. g, i Typical cellular morphology of BCAS1-immunostained oligodendrocytes in early- (g) and intermediate-stage lesions (i). A BCAS1+ cell with fragmented nuclei is depicted (g, right picture). Original magnification × 400. h BCAS1/MAG immunofluorescence double labeling in an intermediate stage human CPM lesion. BCAS1 = green, MAG = red, DAPI = blue; magnification × 400, scale bar represents 50 µm. c,d,f dots correspond to individual patients. Bars = mean ± SEM and statistical analysis with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparison; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001