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Fig. 1 | Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Fig. 1

From: Deregulated expression of a longevity gene, Klotho, in the C9orf72 deletion mice with impaired synaptic plasticity and adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Fig. 1

C9orf72 knockout mice showed LTP and LTD deficits in the hippocampus. a Schematic of the transverse hippocampal slice showing the positioning of the electrodes in dentate gyrus (DG) area. A single stimulating electrode S1 was placed in the medial performant path input. The recording electrode was placed in the dentate granule layer and lowered to the same level to record fEPSPs. b Late-LTP induced by TBS in the DG shows that a stable long-lasting LTP can be recorded in DG of WT (wild type) mice by using TBS (filled circles) (n = 7). Control inputs were stable throughout the 3-h time period of recording. c The same experiment was repeated in C9orf72 knockout mice, which shows that late-LTP is significantly impaired in C9orf72 knockout mice compared to the WT (filled circles). Control inputs remained stable for 3 h (open circles) Analog traces always represent typical field EPSP traces 30 min before (dotted line), 30 min after (dashed line) and 3 h (solid line) after tetanization. Arrows indicate the time point of induction of plasticity in the corresponding synaptic input. d Schematics of the transverse hippocampal slice showing the positioning of the electrodes in hippocampal area CA1. The two independent synaptic inputs S1 and S2 to the same neuronal population and the recording sites (rec) for the field EPSPs are shown. e The time course of fEPSP after the induction of LTP by STET in 3-month-old WT littermates of C9orf72 knockout mice (filled circles). The open circles represent the control synaptic input S2 (n = 7). f Late-LTP induced by STET in C9orf72 knockout mice at 3 months shows that the post tetanic potentiation is higher, but after 20 min the percentage of potentiation comes back to normal like late-LTP in WT littermates (n = 8). g Schematics of the transverse hippocampal slice showing the positioning of the electrodes. The two independent synaptic inputs S1 and S2 to the same neuronal population and the recording sites (rec) for the field EPSPs are shown. h Late-LTD was induced using a strong low frequency stimulation (SLFS) in S1 (filled circles) which resulted in the weakening of synaptic responses that remained stable throughout the recording period of 3 h. Control inputs remained stable throughout the recorded time period (open circles) (n = 6). i The time course of the fEPSPs after low frequency stimulation in C9orf72 knockout mice at 3 months showed, the absence of LTD (filled circles) (n = 7). Open circles represent the control synaptic input (open circles). Analog traces always represent typical field EPSP traces 30 min before (dotted line), 30 min after (dashed line) and 3 h (solid line) after tetanization. Arrows indicate the time point of SLFS/tetanization of the corresponding synaptic input

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