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Table 1 Down syndrome (DS) and age-matched euploid control case details. Summary of clinical case information of human post-mortem cases from age-matched Euploid and DS fetuses

From: Assessment of radial glia in the frontal lobe of fetuses with Down syndrome

Case

Sex

GA at birth (weeks)

Delivery status

Postnatal age

PMA at death (weeks + days)

Birth weight (g)

Congenital heart defects & clinical context

Neuropathology

Aged-matched euploid control

E-1

M

18 + 0

IUD/STILLBIRTH

x

18 + 0

130

Chronic histiocytic intervillostitis

None

E-2

M

22 + 2

TOP

x

22 + 2

402

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

None

E-3

M

23 + 0

IUD/MISC

x

23 + 0

570

Probable cervical incompetence, congenital pneumonia

None

E-4

M

23 + 2

NND

5 m

23 + 2

531.84

Associated IUGR, oligohydramnios, congestive heart failure

None

E-5

F

24 + 1

NND

4 h 40 m

24 + 1

660

Extreme prematurity, congestive heart failure

None

E-6

M

24 + 2

IUD/STILLBIRTH

x

24 + 2

738

Constricted umbilical cord, congestive heart failure

None

E-7

M

38 + 4

IUD/STILLBIRTH

x

38 + 4

2690

symmetrical IUGR, cord entanglement/obstruction

None

E-8

F

38 + 6

NND

3d

39 + 1

2640

Hypolobated lungs with marked lymphangiectasia and meconium in terminal air spaces

None

E-9

M

39 + 2

IUD/STILLBIRTH

x

39 + 2

3125

Not identified

None

Down syndrome

DS-1

M

15 + 6

TOP

x

15 + 6

76.9

None

None

DS-2

F

18 + 4

TOP

X

18 + 4

178.1

Multiple malformations including: Pulmonary stenosis, membranous VSD

None

DS-3

F

19 + 5

TOP

X

19 + 5

260

None

None

DS-4

M

21 + 1

TOP

X

21 + 1

429.3

Multiple malformations including: peri-membranous VSD

None

DS-5

F

22 + 5

TOP

X

22 + 5

420

None

Focal periventricular haemorrhages

DS-6

F

23 + 4

TOP

X

23 + 4

850

None

None

DS-7

M

37 + 5

NND

1d 14 h 53 m

38 + 0

3980

lung hypoplasia

WM gliosis, perivascular haemorrhages

DS-8

M

38 + 6

NND

11 h 37 m

38 + 6

3630

HIE, myeloproliferative disorder

HIE Grade III

DS-9

F

32 + 4

INFANT DEATH

6wks 6d

39 + 4

2658

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Patchy WM gliosis

  1. F Female, HIE hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, IUD intrauterine death, IUGR intrauterine growth restrictions, M Male, NND neonatal death, PMA post-menstrual age, TOP termination of pregnancy, m minutes, h hours, d day, wks weeks, VSD Ventricular septal defect, WM white matter. X indicates not applicable. None indicates structurally normal with no overt pathology/injury