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Fig. 4 | Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Fig. 4

From: Increased levels of Stress-inducible phosphoprotein-1 accelerates amyloid-β deposition in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Fig. 4

Increased neurodegeneration and memory deficits in 5xFAD mice overexpressing STI1. a Silver staining representative images (20X magnification) in the CA1 of the hippocampus of 3–5-month old 5xFAD and TgA-5xFAD male mice. Scale bar = 50 μm. b Quantification of number of silver particles (analyzed from thresholded image) across the whole hippocampus in 5xFAD and TgA-5xFAD mice. Three-four sagittal sections from at least four 5xFAD or TgA-5xFAD mice were used for all staining and immunostaining experiments. Black circles depict individual 5xFAD mice and black squares represent individual TgA-5xFAD mice. c Relative protein expression of synaptic markers PSD95 and synaptophysin in cortical lysates from 3 to 5-month old 5xFAD and TgA-5xFAD male mice and d, e densitometric quantification, normalized to actin loading control. f Cleaved caspase-3 (CC-3) representative images in the CA1 of the hippocampus (scale bars, 25 μm) and g, quantification of CC-3 immunofluorescence, presented as average percent area across the hippocampus. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and data presented in b, d, g, e were analyzed using unpaired t-test. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. h Mice were trained for four days on the spatial Morris Water Maze. On the fifth day (Probe trial), the target platform was removed and memory for what quadrant of the pool the target platform was placed, was quantified as the percentage of time in each quadrant. This was assessed in WT (TgA-5xFAD, n = 7), 5xFAD (n = 12) and TgA-5xFAD (n = 12) mice. i Two days following the Probe trial, animals were put on the “reversal” phase of the task, in which the target platform was placed in a different quadrant. Animals were trained for four days then memory was probed again and is denoted as the Reversal: Probe. T = Target, O = quadrant Opposite to target quadrant, L = quadrant to the Left of the target quadrant, R = quadrant to the Right of the target quadrant. All MWM data were analyzed using Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA with appropriate Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparisons. The * symbols in h, i represent Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparisons analysis, comparing percent time spent in the target quadrant (T) comparing the O, L, or R quadrants, within each genotype. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.0001 for within genotype comparisons for the MWM task. Raw data available at: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12115716

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