Fig. 3

Microscopic assessment of the neuroendocrine magnocellular cells of the SON and PVN in the hypothalamus. The magnocellular cells of the SON (a-c) and PVN (d-f) were spared from poly(GA) pathology in C9orf72 cases (case C9–5 and C9–2) (a-b, d-e) and devoid of pTDP-43 pathology in C9orf72 and nonC9orf72 cases (case nonC9–21) (c,f). However, pathological lesions appeared in the smaller neurons in between the magnocellular neurons (d-f). The insets in d and f show a magnification of smaller neurons with poly(GA) and pTDP-43 pathology, respectively. Scale bars represent 100 μm in a-f and 10 μm in the insets of d and f. SON stands for supraoptic nucleus; PVN, paraventricular nucleus