Fig. 4

Time-lapse imaging of Munc18–1-deficient neuron migration. Experiments were repeated three times for each case, and the migration pattern was observed with the confocal microscope for 10 cells in each imaging. Representative results were shown in (a-e). a Cortical slices at the beginning of tissue culture. E14.5 cortices were electroporated with pCAG-GFP together with pSuper-H1.shLuc (Control) or sh-Munc#1, followed by coronal section slice preparation at E16.5 and time-lapse imaging. There was no difference in transfection efficiency between the experiments. Bars in (a, b, d) and (e), 20 μm. b Time-lapse imaging of control and Munc18–1-deficient (sh-Munc#1) neurons stranded around IZ in electroporated cortical slices. c Tracing of control or Munc18–1-deficient neurons in upper IZ - lower CP in (b). Migratory tracks of 5 cells were traced, and demonstrated as color lines with numbering. d Cortical slices at the beginning of time-lapse imaging (E17.5) of neurons migrating in the CP. e Time-lapse imaging of control and Munc18–1-deficient neurons migrating in the CP. f Migration speed of control and the deficient (sh-Munc#1) neurons in the middle-upper CP. Seventeen - 27 cells were analyzed in each experiment (n = 3). Error bars indicate SD; **p < 0.01 by Student’s t-test