Fig. 3

Effects of treatments on LPAs in MS patients and EAE mice. a, b Box and scatter plots showing serum concentrations of LPAs of different chain length (in a) or summed LPAs (in b) in MS patients with different prophylactic treatments. The box represents the interquartile range, the whiskers show minimum to maximum, the line is the median, the dots show levels in individual patients. c, d, e Box and scatter plots of LPA serum concentration in control mice and in SJL/J mice with EAE, the latter treated either with vehicle, fingolimod or natalizumab. The panel in (c) shows the LPAs of different chain lengths, the graphs in (d) and (e) show summed LPAs. Samples were taken during the second interval, 35 days after immunization. Data were compared with one-way ANOVA and subsequent post-hoc t-tests employing a Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Asterisks show adjusted P values, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. f, g Time course of the clinical EAE scores of SJL/J mice shown in (c–e) (n = 10 per group). Fingolimod treatment with the drinking water (0.5 mg/kg/day) was started 3d after immunization and was continued up to the end. Natalizumab was injected i.p. on d11 (200 μg/mouse), d14 (150 μg/mouse) and d19 (150 μg/mouse)