Fig. 3

2D visualization of the revised 2016 WHO classification of diffuse gliomas. Multidimensional scaling demonstrates three major clusters of diffuse gliomas. The 2007 WHO histopathologic classifiers are heterogeneous and non-specific with regards to the three main clusters. The 2016 WHO classification aligns well with the three major clusters and can be divided into: 1) oligodendroglial tumors, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted (WHO grades II–III); 2) astrocytic gliomas/glioblastomas, IDH-mutant (WHO grades II–IV); and 3) astrocytic gliomas/glioblastomas, IDH-wildtype (WHO grades II–IV)