Brain structure | 4- to 8-year-old subjects | 11- to 23-year-old subjects | 29- to 64-year-old subjects | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Autism | Control | Autism | Control | Autism | |
Mean ± SD (100%) | Mean ± SD p  < (%) | Mean ± SD (100%) | Mean ± SD p  < (%) | Mean (SD) (100%) | Mean ± SD p  < (%) | |
Nucleus accumbens | 281 ± 44 | 163 ± 49 -42% 0.001 | 226 ± 52 | 213 ± 54 0.959 ns | 239 ± 34 | 253 ± 7 0.224 ns |
Purkinje cells | 575 ± 63 | 394 ± 77 -31% 0.001 | 561 ± 83 | 552 ± 168 0.635 ns | 569 ± 63 | 654 ± 189 0.368 ns |
Claustrum | 395 ± 32 | 233 ± 371 -41% 0.001 | 360 ± 49 | 255 ± 67 -29% 0.001 | 267 ± 16 | 307 ± 76 0.841 ns |
Thalamus | 645 ± 56 | 371 ± 56 -42% 0.001 | 439 ± 95 | 433 ± 77 0.186 ns | 462 ± 68 | 581 ± 103 0.035 ns |
Globus pallidus | 625 ± 93 | 503 ± 55 -19% 0.001 | 417 ± 103 | 479 ± 95 0.611 ns | 478 ± 60 | 489 ± 75 0.918 ns |
Dentate nucleus | 510 ± 168 | 305 ± 152 0.104 ns | 448 ± 20 | 489 ± 122 0.312 ns | 397 ± 53 | 501 ± 128 + 26% 0.008 |
Entorhinal cortex | 561 ± 67 | 408 ± 49 -27% 0.001 | 502 ± 110 | 444 ± 98 -11% 0.002 | 452 ± 69 | 484 ± 102 0.465 ns |
Amygdala | 606 ± 24 | 431 ± 74 -29% 0.001 | 595 ± 60 | 520 ± 88 0.691 ns | 548 ± 48 | 498 ± 116 0.184 ns |
Magnocellular basal complex | 656 ± 45 | 476 ± 45 -27% 0.001 | 575 ± 46 | 581 ± 51 0.051 ns | 558 ± 116 | 611 ± 131 0.028 ns |
Putamen | 246 ± 39 | 180 ± 32 -27% 0.014 | 244 ± 52 | 231 ± 51 0.443 ns | 213 ± 27 | 223 ± 34 + 5% 0.004 |
Caudate nucleus | 256 ± 54 | 181 ± 52 0.269 ns | 229 ± 44 | 234 ± 49 0.284 ns | 182 ± 26 | 234 ± 56 + 28% 0.001 |
Inferior olive | 613 ± 122 | 507 ± 125 -17% 0.001 | 525 ± 67 | 553 ± 103 0.905 ns | 508 ± 68 | 551 ± 73 0.481 ns |
Magnocellular LGN | 455 ± 66 | 382 ± 85 0.364 ns | 457 ± 33 | 483 ± 85 + 5% 0.001 | 502 ± 20 | 567 ± 36 + 13% 0.002 |
Parvocellular LGN | 268 ± 50 | 217 ± 47 -19% 0.005 | 264 ± 25 | 263 ± 48 0.145 ns | 284 ± 28 | 335 ± 37 + 18% 0.001 |
Substantia nigra | 815 ± 122 | 756 ± 50 -7% 0.001 | 811 ± 114 | 816 ± 97 0.202 ns | 646 ± 56 | 685 ± 65 0.057 ns |
Ammon’s horn | 702 ± 40 | 576 ± 72 -18% 0.001 | 702 ± 72 | 631 ± 79 0.246 ns | 683 ± 110 | 706 ± 138 + 3% 0.002 |