Figure 2From: The problem of axonal injury in the brains of veterans with histories of blast exposure Sections immunostained for concomitant localization of APP and IBA1 epitopes in representative cases of MVC (Case 21; a-b), blast (Case 1; c-d), and opiate overdose (Case 7; e-f). APP (brown) and IBA1 (blue) was detected sequentially by DAB and Vector blue, respectively, as described in Methods. Note that, in MVC (a-b) and blast (c-d) APP (+) swellings and bulbs colocalise with deramified or phagocytic microglia, whereas in opiate overdose (e-f) they do not. Panels b, d, and f are magnifications of framed areas in a,c, and e, respectively. Size bars: 50 (a, c and e) and 100 (b, d, and f) μm.Back to article page