Figure 1From: Loss of the neuroprotective factor Sphingosine 1-phosphate early in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis S1P levels decline during AD pathogenesis. (A – F) S1P levels, expressed as a ratio to total sphingosine, in human hippocampus (A), inferior temporal GM (B), inferior temporal WM (C), superior frontal GM (D), superior frontal WM (E), and cerebellum (F) tissue samples. Samples were divided into four groups based on Braak NFT pathology, as detailed in Results text. Horizontal bars indicate the mean. Statistical significance was determined by a one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett’s post test, as described in Methods.Back to article page