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Figure 2 | Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Figure 2

From: Evidence of aquaporin involvement in human central pontine myelinolysis

Figure 2

CPM lesions with loss of AQPs. ( a ) The demyelinated lesion in the central basis pontis ( e-h ) is heavily infiltrated with activated macrophages (KiM1P, scale bar = 5 mm); ( b ) Higher magnification of an area of macrophage infiltration (KiM1P, scale bar = 500 μm) also shows ( c ) relative myelin preservation (PLP, scale bar = 500 μm), ( d ) loss of AQP4 (AQP4, scale bar = 500 μm), ( e ) loss of AQP1 (AQP1, scale bar = 500 μm), but ( f ) preserved GFAP immunoreactivity (GFAP, scale bar = 500 μm); Despite preservation of myelin, the presence of macrophages containing myelin degradation products both in the ( g ) gray matter (PLP, scale bar = 50 μm) and ( h ) white matter (PLP, scale bar = 50 μm) is consistent with active demyelination; The normal perivascular distribution of ( i ) AQP4 (AQP4, scale bar = 50 μm) and ( j ) AQP1 (AQP1, scale bar = 50 μm) is lost, but ( k ) small GFAP-immunoreactive astrocytes with short processes are still present in lesions; upper inset shows such an astrocyte in close contact with two macrophages; lower inset shows a macrophage containing GFAP + degradation products (GFAP, scale bar = 50 μm, upper inset scale bar = 25 μm, lower inset scale bar = 12.5 μm); ( l ) Axons are preserved, but the presence of axonal swellings (arrows) indicates axonal injury (NF, scale bar = 50 μm); ( m ) Neurons are relatively well preserved (HE, scale bar = 50 μm); ( n ) The lesion also contains mild parenchymal and perivascular T-cell inflammation (CD3, scale bar = 50 μm); ( o ) Apoptotic oligodendrocytes (arrowheads) are present (PLP, scale bar = 50 μm); ( p ) Rosenthal fibers are also present (HE, scale bar = 100 μm).

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