Fig. 1

Depletion of host-derived GPNMB impairs glioma formation and proliferation in vivo. A Disease progression score of tumor-bearing WT and KO mice injected with PDGFb-driven RCAS-RFP glioma cells. Animals were sacrificed upon the first animal reaching disease score 3 (day 50). B Representative macroscopic image of a tumor-bearing brain from WT (top) and KO (bottom) mice. The white dotted line marks the tumor in WT and in KO. Scale bars represent 5 mm. C RFP⁺ fluorescence (grey scaled for visibility) labeling of glioma cells of a representative brain slice from a tumor-bearing WT (top) and KO (bottom) mice. The white dotted line marks the whole brain tissue. Scale bars represent 2 mm. D RFP⁺ fluorescence (grey scaled for visibility) of tumor cells at the injection site of a representative KO brain slice. Scale bar represents 500 µm. E Tumor volume of tumor-bearing WT (n = 7) and KO (n = 8) mice. Black dotted line represents the mean value of each group. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t-test. F Representative staining of Ki-67 (left) and merged with DAPI (right; Ki-67 = green, DAPI = blue) of brain slices from tumor-bearing WT (n = 6) and KO (n = 7). Scale bar represents 50 µm. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired t-test. Error bars represent SD. *p < 0.05