Table 2 Summary of studies involving rodent brain-derived tau inoculation
Experimental animal; age at inoculation | Time of termination | Rodent derived brain inoculum (pathological tau);(mass; volume) | Application; injection region (coordinates from bregma) | Speed of application | Pathology | Propagation | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ALZ17 (2N4R; WT; C57BL/6); 3 m | 6 m PI | Brain homogenate from P301ST43 (1N4R, P301S-tau); (NA; 2.5 µl) | Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -1.8 mm) Overlaying primary visual cortex; (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = 0.8 mm) | 1.25 µl/min | NFT-like; NT- like; coiled bodies; argyrophilic inclusions | Fimbria, thalamus, hippocampus, optical tract, medial lemniscus, zona incerta, cerebral peduncle, visual cortex, hypothalamus, superior colliculus, & substantia nigra | [30] |
12Â m | Fimbria, thalamus, internal capsule, caudate putamen, somatosensory cortex, hippocampus, optical tract, medial lemniscus, zona incerta, cerebral peduncle, visual cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala, superior colliculus, substantia nigra, entorhinal cortex, & deep mesencephalic nucleus | ||||||
15Â m PI | Fimbria, thalamus, internal capsule, caudate putamen, somatosensory cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, optical tract, medial lemniscus, zona incerta, cerebral peduncle, visual cortex, superior colliculus, substantia nigra, entorhinal cortex, deep mesencephalic nucleus, & pontine nuclei | ||||||
SHR72 (0N4R; truncated tau, aa151–391); 2 m | 25 d & 3.5- 5 m PI | Sarkosyl insoluble from SHR24 (0N3R, truncated tau aa151–391); (0.1 µg; 2 µl) | Unilateral; Motor cortex 1; (A/P =  + 3 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = − 0.75 mm) | 0.5 µl/min | NFT-like | Ipsilateral frontal cortical areas & striatum | [100] |
SHR24 (0N3R, truncated tau, aa151–391); 2 m | Sarkosyl insoluble tau from SHR72 (0N4R tau, aa151–391); (0.04 µg; 2 µl) | Unilateral; Motor cortex 1; (A/P =  + 3 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = − 0.75 mm) | NFT-like | Ipsilateral frontal cortical areas, contralateral frontal cortex, & striatum | |||
P301ST43 (1N4R; P301S; C57BL/6) 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 4 m, & 4.5 m | 1 d, 14 d, 1 m, 2 m, & 2.5 m PI | Sarkosyl insoluble tau from P301ST43 (1N4R, P301S-tau); (0.04 ng; 2.5 µl) | Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -1.8 mm) Overlying primary visual cortex; (A/P = − 2.5 mm, L = + 2 mm, D/V = − 0.8 mm) | 1.25 µl/min | NFT-like; NT-like; argyrophilic inclusions | CA3, dentate gyrus, contralateral hippocampus, subiculum & retrosplenial cortex, mammillary nucleus, supramammillary nucleus, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, & lateral septal nucleus | [1] |
rTg4510 (2N4R; P301L; C57BL/6); 2–3 m | 2 d & 21 d PI | Brain extract from rTg4510 (0N4R, P301L-tau, HMW); (0.25 µg; 2.5 µl) | Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =−2.5 mm, L = 2.0 mm, D/V =−1.8 mm) | 0.2 µl/min | NFT like inclusions | CA2, CA3, & dentate gyrus | [146] |
Sarkosyl insoluble tau from rTg4510 (0N4R, P301L-tau, LMW); (0.25 µg; 2.5 µl) | No pathology | No spreading | |||||
P301ST43 (1N4R; P301S; C57BL/6); 2.5 m | 2.5 m PI | Total brainstem lysates from P301ST43 (1N4R, P301S-tau); (NA; 2.5 μl) | Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2.0 mm, D/V = 1.8 mm) Overlaying primary visual cortex; (A/P = − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = − 0.8 mm) | 1.25 µl/min | NFT-like; NT-like | Ipsi- & contralateral CA2, dentate gyrus, subiculum, thalamus, mammillary nuclei & retrosplenial cortex | [80] |
40% sucrose gradient fraction from P301ST43 (1N4R, P301S-tau); (NA; 2.5 μl) | NFT-like; NT-like | Ipsi- & contralateral CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, subiculum, thalamus, mammillary nuclei & retrosplenial cortex | |||||
10% fractions gradient fractions from P301ST43 (1N4R, P301S-tau); (NA; 2.5 μl) | NFT-like (low in numbers) | Ipsi- & contralateral CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, & subiculum |