Table 1 Summary of studies involving human brain-derived tau inoculation

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m

11 m PI

Immunoprecipitated AD-tau oligomers (0.6 µg/site; 2 µl)

NA

Bilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = −  2.06 mm, L =  ± 1.75 mm, D/V =− 2.5 mm)

0.2 µl/min

Inclusion; Th-S positive structures

Hippocampus, frontal cortex, corpus callosum & hypothalamus

[96]

Immunoprecipitated AD-PHF (0.6 µg/site; 2 µl)

Inclusions

No propagation

ALZ17 (2N4R; WT; C57BL/6); 3 m

6 m, 12 m, & 15 m PI

Brain homogenate from AD (NA; 2.5 µl)

Temporal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = 1.8 mm); Overlying primary visual cortex; (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = 0.8 mm)

1.25 µl/min

NFT- & NT-like; argyrophilic inclusions

Fimbria, optic tract, medial lemniscus, dorsal thalamus, cerebral peduncle amygdala, thalamus, internal capsule, entorhinal cortex, & fornix

[29]

Brain homogenate from TD (NA; 2.5 µl)

Hippocampus

NFT- & NT-like; argyrophilic inclusions

Brain homogenate from AGD (NA; 2.5 µl)

Amygdala

NFT-like; argyrophilic grains

Brain homogenate from CBD (NA; 2.5 µl)

Globus pallidus

NFT-, NT-like, & astrocytic plaques; argyrophilic inclusions

Brain homogenate from PSP (NA; 2.5 µl)

Putamen

NFT-, NT-like; argyrophilic inclusion; tufted astrocytes

Brain homogenate from PiD (NA; 2.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

NFT-, NT-like; argyrophilic inclusions

No propagation

PS19 (1N4R; P301S; (C57BL/6 × C3H)F1); 2–5 m

1 m, 3 m, & 6 m PI

Modified sucrose gradient enriched CBD-tau (0.05 µg; 2.5 µl/site)

Cortical grey matter

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -2 mm) Overlaying primary visual cortex (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -0.8 mm)

NA

NT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions

CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, fimbria, subiculum, thalamus, hypothalamus, & mammillary nuclei; no pathology in the overlying cortex

[19]

Modified sucrose gradient enriched AD-tau (10.5 µg; 2.5 µl/site)

NT-like; inclusions

CA3, lateral septal nuclei, subiculum, white matter tracts with involvement of the fimbria, entorhinal cortex, locus coeruleus, raphe nuclei, supramammillary nuclei, neocortex, & contralateral hemisphere (CA3, entorhinal cortex)

Modified sucrose gradient enriched DSAD-tau (12.5 µg; 2.5/ µl)

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 2–3 m

2 d,7 d, 1 m, 3 m, 6 m & 9 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (4 μg/site; 2.5 μl/site) Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (1 μg/site; 2.5 μl)

Frontal cortical gray matter

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -2.4 mm) Overlying primary visual cortex (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -1.4 mm)

NA

NFT-like; Th-S positive structures

Raphe nucleus, the mamillary area, locus coeruleus, fimbria, corpus callosum & both ipsilateral & contralateral dentate gyrus

[67]

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 15–19 m

1 m, 3 m, & 6 m

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (1 μg; 2.5 μl)

NP-like; Th-S positive structures

Entorhinal cortex, locus coeruleus, corpus callosum, raphe nucleus, mammillary area & fimbria

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 2–3 m

1 m, 3 m, 6 m, & 9 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (2.25 μg/site; 2.5 μl/site)

Frontal cortical gray matter

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =−2.4 mm) Overlying primary visual cortex (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =−1.4 mm)

NA

NFT-like

CA3, dentate gyrus, retrosplenial area, supramammillary nucleus, auditory cortex, & entorhinal cortex

[116]

Sarkosyl insoluble CBD-tau (1.4 μg/site; 2.5 μl/site)

Frontal cortical gray & white matter

NFT-like; coiled bodies-like; astrocytic plaque-like

CA3, dentate gyrus, ventral hippocampus, fimbria, entorhinal cortex, corpus callosum, mammillary area, dorsal raphe, & olfactory bulb

Sarkosyl insoluble PSP-tau (2.5 μg; 4 μl)

Frontal cortical gray matter

Unilateral; Thalamus (Dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus) (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = -3.4 mm)

NFT-like; astrocytic plaque-like; tufted-astrocyte-like

THY-Tau22 (1N4R; G272V & P301S; C57BL/6); 3 m

3 m PI

HMW sarkosyl Insoluble AD-tau (1 μg; 2 μl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.1 mm, L =  + 1.5 mm, D/V = -2.0 mm)

0.2 µl/min

Inclusions; argyrophilic grains

Ipsilateral CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus, fimbria & corpus callosum

[11]

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m

3 m & 6 m PI

NT-like; coiled bodies-like; argyrophilic grains-like inclusions

CA1, CA2, the alveus, fimbria, & corpus callosum

hTau (6 tau isoforms with endogenous tau-KO; C57BL/6); 3 m

6 m, 9 m, & 11 m PI

Sucrose gradient enriched AD p-tau oligomers (0.12 μg; 2.5 μl)

Cerebral cortex

Bilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm; L =  ± 2.0 mm; D/V = -1.8 mm)

1.25 µl/min

NFT-like; NT-like

CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, subiculum, amygdala, corpus callosum, neocortex & septal nuclei

[74]

T40PL-GFP (2N4R; GFP-tagged P301L-tau; B6C3/F1); 2–3 m

3 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (2 μg; 2.5 μl)

NA

Unilateral; (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm; D/V =−2.4 mm)

NA

Inclusions

CA3, dentate gyrus, subiculum, retrosplenial granular cortex, entorhinal cortex, pons, & contralateral/ipsilateral hemisphere

[58]

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 2–3 m

3 m, 6 m & 9 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD tau (2 µg/site; 5 µl)

Middle frontal gyrus

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 2.4 mm) Overlaying primary visual cortex (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 1.4 mm)

0.4 µl/min

NFT-like

CA3, dentate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, retrosplenial area, supramammillary nucleus & auditory cortex

[15]

Sarkosyl insoluble AD tau + Synthetic α-syn mpffs (5 µg/site; 2.5 µl)

α-synKO (endogenous tau & α-syn -/-; C57BL/6); 2–3 m

3 m, 6 m & 9 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD tau (2 µg/site; 5 µl)

Middle frontal gyrus

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 2.4 mm) Overlaying primary visual cortex (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 1.4 mm)

0.4 µl/min

NFT-like

CA3, dentate gyrus, entorhinal cortex, retrosplenial cortex, supramammillary nucleus & auditory cortex

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 10 m

6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Hippocampus

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -1.9 mm, L =  ± 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions

CA1, fimbria, septal nuclei, & periventricular hypothalamus

[45]

6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Hippocampus

Unilateral; Corpus callosum, (A/P = -1.9 mm, L =  ± 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.0 mm)

0.1 µl/min

NT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions

No propagation

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 7 m & 10 m

4 m & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl soluble AD- tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Hippocampus

No pathology

No propagation

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); m, & 10–12 m

4 m & 6–7 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble GGT tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Prefrontal cortex area 8

NT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 12 m

6–7 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble PART tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Hippocampus

NT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

Sarkosyl insoluble ARTAG tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Temporal white matter

NT-like; astroglial & oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 10–12 m

6–7 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble PSP tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Striatum

Unilateral; Corpus callosum, (A/P = -1.9 mm, L =  ± 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.0 mm

0.1 µl/min

NT-like, & oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble PiD tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Hippocampus

NT-like, & oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

Sarkosyl insoluble fFTLD-P301L tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Hippocampus

NT-like, & oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 12 m

6–7 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble GGT (P301T) tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -/ + 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

CA1, DG, fimbria, & corpus callosum

[49]

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 7 m

7 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble GGT (P301T) tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Subcortical white matter

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -/ + 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

CA1, DG, fimbria, & corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 7 m & 12 m

4 m & 6–7 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble GGT (P301T) tau (NA; 1.2 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Corpus callosum (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -/ + 1.4 mm, DV = -1.0 mm)

0.1 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

Ipsilateral middle & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 10 m

5 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble GGT (P301T) tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Caudate putamen (A/P = 0.14 mm, L =  − / + 2, D/V =  − 2.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

Restricted

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 7 m

4 m PI

Sarkosyl soluble GGT (P301T) tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus CA2 (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -/ + 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

No pathology

Not applicable

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3–4 m

6–7 m

Sarkosyl insoluble sGGT/fGGT (K317M) tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -/ + 1.4 mm, D/V = -1.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

CA1, DG, fimbria, ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3–4 m

6–7 m

Sarkosyl insoluble sGGT/fGGT (K317M) tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Corpus callosum (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -/ + 1.4 mm, DV = -1.0 mm)

0.1 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

CA1, DG, fimbria, ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m & 7 m

3 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AGD-tau with no NFTs (NA; 1.5 µl)

Hippocampus

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -1.9 mm, L = -1.4 mm, DV = -1.5 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NT-like; granular inclusions; oligodendroglial inclusions

CA1, fimbria, & ipsilateral corpus callosum

[48]

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m & 12 m

7 m PI

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

CA1, fimbria, ipsilateral & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 7 m

3 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble PART-tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

Ipsilateral hippocampus, fimbria, & ipsilateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m & 12 m

7 m PI

NT-like; granular inclusions; coiled body-like

Ipsilateral hippocampus ipsilateral periventricular hypothalamus, septal nuclei, fimbria, ipsilateral, middle & contralateral corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 7 m

3 m PI

Sarkosyl-soluble PART-tau (NA; 1.5 µl)

No pathology

Not applicable

Tg601 (2N4R; WT-tau; C57BL/6); 2–3 m

17–19 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (2 µg; 2.5 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  ± 2.0 mm, D/V = -2.0 mm)

0.25 µl/min

NFT-like; NT-like

Stratum lacunosum-moleculare of CA2, dentate gyrus, fimbria, CA1 pyramidal cell layer, external capsule, & dorsal raphe nucleus

[69]

Tg30tau (1N4R, P301S and G272V; C57BL/6); 1 m

5 w PI

Brain homogenate from AD (11 µg; 2 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = -1.8 mm, L = -1.72 mm, D/V = -1.8 mm)

0.2 µl/min

NFT-like

Ipsilateral & contralateral regions of hippocampus

[4]

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (1 or 2 µg; 2 µl)

NFT-like

Ipsilateral & contralateral regions of hippocampus

hTau (6 tau Isoforms with endogenous tau KO; C57BL/6); 2–3 m

3 m & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble FTDP-17 tau with P301L mutation (0.97 ug; 5-6 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P = –2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V = 2.4 mm)

NA

NFT-like; oligodendroglial & astrocytic inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral hippocampus, fimbria, corpus callosum, periaqueductal gray

[161]

Sarkosyl insoluble FTLD-17 tau with E10 + 16 mutation (1 ug; 5-6 µl)

NFT-like, oligodendroglial & astrocytic inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral hippocampus, fimbria, corpus callosum, thalamus, hypothalamus, retrosplenial cortex, somatosensory cortex, auditory cortex, & supramammillary nucleus

Sarkosyl insoluble FTLD-17 tau with L266V mutation (0.6 ug; 5–6 µl)

NFT-like, oligodendroglial & astrocytic inclusions

Ipsilateral & contralateral hippocampus, fimbria, corpus callosum, thalamus, retrosplenial cortex, somatosensory cortex, & periaqueductal gray

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau);–5 days

1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 1 m, 3 m, & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (3.84 µg; 1.2 µl)

Frontal cortex

Manually in thalamus

0.05 µl/min

NT-like, granular inclusions early on; at 3 m inclusions; at the age of 6, no pathology observed

No propagation

[47]

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m

0 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 7d, 1 m, 3 m, & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (5.25 µg; 1.5 µl)

Unilateral; Ventral thalamus (A/P = 1.3 mm, L =  − 1.2/ − 1.4 mm, DV =  − 3/ − 3.5 mm)

Granules inclusions, NT-like, & p-tau inclusions

Habenula, caudate/putamen, internal capsule, & fimbria

3 m PI

Sarkosyl soluble AD- tau (5.25 µg; 1.5 µl)

No pathology

No propagation

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 1–5 d reinoculated at 3 m

3 m & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (3.84 µg; 1.2 µl); reinoculated sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (5.25 µg; 1.5 µl)

Manually in thalamus; followed by reinoculation Unilateral; Ventral thalamus (A/P = 1.3 mm, L =  − 1.2/ − 1.4 mm, DV =  − 3/ − 3.5 mm)

Granular inclusions

Caudate/putamen & corpus callosum

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 6 m

3 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (0.01 µg; 1.5 µl)

Hippocampus

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 1.9 mm interaural, L =  − 1.4 mm, DV =  − 1.8 mm)

0.05 µl/min

NFT-like & granular inclusions

CA2, dentate gyrus, stratum radiatum, stratum oriens, corpus callosum, fimbria, entorhinal cortex, & cerebral cortex

[7]

6hTau (6 tau isoforms with endogenous tau-KO; C57BL/6); 6 m

3 m PI

NFT-, pre-tangles, & granular inclusions

CA2, dentate gyrus, stratum radiatum, stratum oriens, hilius, corpus callosum, fimbria, entorhinal cortex & cerebral cortex

mtWT (endogenous tau KO; C57BL/6); 3 m

3 m PI6 m PI

No pathology

Not observed

C57BL/6 (endogenous tau); 3 m

6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (Brain 1 = 0.5 μgBrain 1, 2, 3, & 3(concentrated) = 1- 4 μg; 2.5 µl/site)

Isocortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L = 2 mm, D/V − 2.4 mm) Overlaying primary visual cortex (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L = 2 mm, D/V − 1.4 mm)

0.25 µl /min

NFT-like, NT-like

CA2, CA3, DG, fimbria, corpus callosum, retrosplenial area, parietal cortex, somatosensory cortex, entorhinal cortex & similar pattern in contralateral hemisphere

[120]

htau-App^{NL−F/NL−F} (6 tau isoforms with endogenous tau KO and mutant APP; C57BL/6) 3 m

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (Brain 1 + 2 = 0.5 μg/site;.5 µl/site)

Ptk2b KO; (endogenous tau with Ptk2b -/-; C57BL/6) 3 m

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (Brain 1 + 2 = 0.5 μg/site; 2.5 µl/site)

Tmem106b KO (endogenous tau with Tmem106b -/-; C57BL/6) 19 m

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (Brain 1 + 2 = 0.5 μg/site; 2.5 µl/site)

Grn KO; (endogenous tau with Grn -/-; C57BL/6) 3 m

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (Brain 1 + 2 = 0.5 μg/site; 2.5 µl/site)

SHR72 (2N4R, truncated tau aa151–391; SHR) 2 m

4 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (600 ng; NA)

Parietal cortex

Bilaterally; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 3.6 mm, L =  ± 2.0 mm, D/V =  − 2.3 mm)

1.25 μl/min

NFT-like; argyrophilic inclusions

Rostral and caudal to site of injection in CA1

[140]

2 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau from 3 independent brains (600 ng; NA)

Unilaterally; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 3.6 mm, L =  ± 2.0 mm, D/V =  − 2.3 mm)

Contralateral hippocampus

4 m PI

Solubilised sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (600 ng; NA)

Bilaterally; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 3.6 mm, L =  ± 2.0 mm, D/V =  − 2.3 mm)

No pathology

Not applicable

4 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD- tau (400/600 ng; NA)

Unilaterally; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 3.6 mm, L =  ± 2.0 mm, D/V =  − 2.3 mm)

NFT-like; argyrophilic tau inclusions

Contralateral hippocampus

P301ST43 (1N4R; P301S; C57BL/6)

3 m

4 m PI

AD CSF tau (1 ng; 5 μl)

CSF

Unilateral;

Hippocampus

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  − 2.0 mm, D/V =  − 1.8 mm)

1.25 μl/min

NFT-like & dot-like inclusions

Ipsilateral CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, & contralateral hippocampus

[138]

6hTau (6 tau isoforms with endogenous tau-KO; C57BL/6)

3–5 m

1, 3 & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral;

Hippocampus

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 2.4 mm)

Overlaying primary visual cortex

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 1.4 mm)

NA

NT-like, NFT-like inclusions; argyrophilic inclusions

Ipsi- & contralateral CA1, CA2, dentate gyrus, subiculum, motor cortex, entorhinal cortex, visual cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, corpus collosum

[71]

Sarkosyl insoluble PiD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

NFT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions; argyrophilic inclusions

Ipsi- & contralateral CA1, CA2, dentate gyrus, fimbria, thalamus, entorhinal cortex, visual cortex

Sarkosyl insoluble CBD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

NFT-like; NT-like; argyrophilic inclusions; astrocytic & oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsi- & contralateral CA1, CA2, dentate gyrus, fimbria, subiculum, thalamus, hypothalamus, corpus collosum, entorhinal cortex, visual cortex

Sarkosyl insoluble PSP-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

NFT-like; argyrophilic inclusions; astrocytic & oligodendroglial inclusions

Ipsi- & contralateral CA1, CA2, dentate gyrus, fimbria, corpus collosum, thalamus, hypothalamus, entorhinal cortex, visual cortex

T44mTauKO (0N3R human tau; endogenous tau KO); 3–5 m

1, 3 & 6 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral;

Hippocampus

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 2.4 mm)

Overlaying primary visual cortex

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2 mm, D/V =  − 1.4 mm)

NA

No pathology

NA

Sarkosyl insoluble PiD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

NFT-like; oligodendroglial inclusions

NA

Sarkosyl insoluble CBD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

No pathology

NA

Sarkosyl insoluble PSP-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

No pathology

NA

TauKDn^cre;fl/fl (Neuron specific tau KO; C57BL/6);

2–3 m

1,3,6 & 9 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble PSP-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm; L =  + 2.0 mm; D/V = -2.4 mm)

Overlaying primary visual cortex

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm; L =  + 2.0 mm; D/V = -1.4 mm)

NA

No pathology

Not applicable

[115]

Sarkosyl insoluble CBD-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

Astrocytic plaque-like; coiled body-like

Ipsi- & contralateral CA2, CA3, dentate gyrus, fimbriae, corpus callosum, visual cortex

Sarkosyl insoluble PSP-tau (1 µg/site; NA)

Tufted astrocytes; coiled body-like

Tau.P301L (2N4R; P301L-tau; C57BL/6) 3 m

7 d and 28 d PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau (NA; 2 µl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus

(A/P =  − 1.83 mm; L =  + 1.29 mm; D/V =  + 1.7 mm)

0.25 µl/min

NFT-like

Hippocampal formation, cortex, corpus callosum, alveus of ipsi- & contralateral hemisphere

[38]

hTau (6 tau isoforms with endogenous tau-KO; C57BL/6);

3 m

1 & 12 m PI

Brain homogenate from CBD;

(8 μg; 2 μl)

Frontal cortex

Unilateral; Right Striatum

(A/P = 0.8 mm posterior, L = 1.95 mm, D/V = 3.0 mm)

0.2 μl/30 s

NT-like; astrocytic plaque-like; coiled body-like

Ipsi- & contralateral entorhinal striatum, contralateral striatum, corpus collosum

[171]

LRRK2G2019S mice (Endogenous tau; LRRK2 KI;

C57BL/6);

3–4 m

1, 3, 6, & 9 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau;

(1 μg/site; 2.5 μl/site)

Frontal/temporal cortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus

(A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2.0 mm, D/V = 2.4)

Overlying cortex

(A/P = -2.5 mm, L =  + 2.0 mm, D/V = 1.4 mm)

0.4 μl/min

NFT-like; NT-like

CA2, CA3, entorhinal cortex, dentate gyrus, ventral tegmental area, ipsilateral supramammillary nucleus, ipsilateral perirhinal area, medial septal nucleus, parasubiculum, presubiculum, pontine reticular nucleus, & ipsilateral accessory olfactory bulb

[32]

hTau (6 tau isoforms with endogenous tau KO; C57BL/6); 9–11 m

2.5 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau;

(0.55 µg; 2.0 µl)

Isocortex

Unilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 2.5 mm, L =  + 2.0 mm, D/V =  − 1.67 mm)

1.25 µl/min

Inclusions

Ipsi- & contralateral regions of hippocampus

[109]

PS19 (1N4R; P301S; C57BL/6)

3 m

3 m PI

Sarkosyl insoluble AD-tau; (1 µg; 2.0 µl)

Frontal cortex

Bilateral; Hippocampus (A/P =  − 2.4 mm, L =  + 1.5 mm, D/V =  − 1.6 mm)

0.2 µl/min

NFT-like; NT-like

CA2, CA3, overlaying isocortex

[106]

HMW tau 2.33 µl/site

NFT-like; NT-like

CA2, CA3, overlaying isocortex, peri-/entorhinal