Fig. 1

Patient characteristics. CSF samples were collected from patients with GBM (n = 31) and individuals without a history of cancer as controls (n = 13). (A) Characteristics of patients with CSF collected pre-treatment (n = 13) and controls (n = 13). Four patients (patients 5, 6, 7, and 10) received no additional treatment (i.e., no chemotherapy or radiation). (B) Characteristics of patients for which tumor mutation information was available (n = 18). All patients with mutation information had CSF collected post-treatment. (C) Legend for panels A and B. Overall survival (OS) spans from 2 to 73 months. Treatments included chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), tumor-treating field (TTF), or was not applicable for control patients. All GBM patients underwent surgery. CSF was collected via lumbar puncture (LP) (n = 18), sulcus sampling (n = 17), ventricular sampling (n = 7), reservoir/shunt (n = 1), or cisterna magna (n = 1)