Fig. 1

Representative images of RNAscope combined with immunofluorescence in control cases. A, B Neurons in the substantia nigra (A) and amygdala (B) express numerous SNCA and neuron-specific RBFOX3 transcripts in the nucleus and cytoplasm. C Oligodendrocytes contain many Olig2 transcripts and few SNCA transcripts (arrows) whereas neurons exhibit numerous SNCA transcripts and an absence of Olig2 transcripts (arrowheads). D Astrocytes contain many ALDH1L1 transcripts and few SNCA transcripts (arrows) while neurons show numerous SNCA transcripts and an absence of ALDH1L1 transcripts (arrowhead). Each image set represents confocal images taken from the same field of view showing DAPI (blue), phosphorylated-α-syn (p-Syn) immunofluorescence (green), SNCA (red), neuron-specific RBFOX3 (A, B), oligodendrocytes-specific Olig2 (C), or astrocyte-specific ALDH1L1 (D, magenta), and the enlarged merged image. Note that in control cases p-Syn pathology is not detected. Scale bars represent 20 μm